Skip to main content
Log in

Mechanical Properties of the Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr Alloys with Different Morphologies of Long-Period Stacking Ordered Phases

  • Published:
Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Long-period stacking ordered (LPSO) phases with different morphologies and distributions were obtained in the direct chill cast Mg-6.9Gd-3.2Y-1.5Zn-0.5Zr (wt.%) alloy by controlling the homogenization time or cooling rate. Microstructural evolution and the effect of various LPSO phases on the mechanical properties were investigated. There is no obvious α-Mg grain growth during homogenization at 510 °C. Intragranular thin-platelet and coagulated LPSO phases hardly improve the strength but help to develop the ductility. Numerous lamellar phases, which contain “ABCA”-type building blocks with RE and Zn segregation, form during the furnace-cooling process. Lamellar phases, which exhibit lower thermostability compared with the thin-platelet LPSO, slightly improve the tensile yield strength and induce numerous cracks which result in the premature fracture.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. T.M. Pollock, Weight Loss with Magnesium Alloys, Science, 2010, 328, p 986–987

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. H. Pan, Y. Ren, H. Fu, H. Zhao, L. Wang, X. Meng, and G. Qin, Recent Developments in Rare-Earth Free Wrought Magnesium Alloys Having High Strength: A Review, J. Alloy. Compd., 2016, 663, p 321–331

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. K. Hono, C.L. Mendis, T.T. Sasaki, and K. Oh-ishi, Towards the Development of Heat-Treatable High-Strength Wrought Mg Alloys, Scr. Mater., 2010, 63, p 710–715

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. B.L. Mordike and T. Ebert, Magnesium Properties-Applications-Potential, Mater. Sci. Eng., A, 2001, 302, p 37–45

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Y. Kawamura, K. Hayashi, A. Inoue, and T. Masumoto, Rapidly Solidified Powder Metallurgy Mg97Zn1Y2 Alloys with Excellent Tensile Yield Strength above 600 MPa, Mater. Trans., 2001, 42, p 1172–1176

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Y. Kawamura and M. Yamasaki, Formation and Mechanical Properties of Mg97Zn1RE2 Alloys with Long-Period Stacking Ordered Structure, Mater. Trans., 2007, 48, p 2986–2992

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. T. Homma, N. Kunito, and S. Kamado, Fabrication of Extraordinary High-Strength Magnesium Alloy by Hot Extrusion, Scr. Mater., 2009, 61, p 644–647

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. C. Xu, M.Y. Zheng, S.W. Xu, K. Wu, E.D. Wang, S. Kamado, G.J. Wang, and X.Y. Lv, Ultra High-Strength Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr Alloy Sheets Processed by Large-Strain Hot Rolling and Ageing, Mater. Sci. Eng., A, 2012, 547, p 93–98

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Y.M. Zhu, A.J. Morton, and J.F. Nie, The 18R and 14H Long-Period Stacking Ordered Structures in Mg-Y-Zn Alloys, Acta Mater., 2010, 58, p 2936–2947

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Y.M. Zhu, A.J. Morton, and J.F. Nie, Growth and Transformation Mechanisms of 18R and 14H in Mg-Y-Zn Alloys, Acta Mater., 2012, 60, p 6562–6572

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. J.-K. Kim, W.-S. Ko, S. Sandlöbes, M. Heidelmann, B. Grabowski, and D. Raabe, The Role of Metastable LPSO Building Block Clusters in Phase Transformations of an Mg-Y-Zn Alloy, Acta Mater., 2016, 112, p 171–183

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. K. Hagihara, N. Yokotani, and Y. Umakoshi, Plastic Deformation Behavior of Mg12YZn with 18R Long-Period Stacking Ordered Structure, Intermetallics, 2010, 18, p 267–276

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. K. Hagihara, Y. Sugino, Y. Fukusumi, Y. Umakoshi, and T. Nakano, Plastic Deformation Behavior of Mg12ZnY LPSO-Phase with 14H-Typed Structure, Mater. Trans., 2011, 52, p 1096–1103

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. K. Hagihara, A. Kinoshita, Y. Sugino, M. Yamasaki, Y. Kawamura, H.Y. Yasuda, and Y. Umakoshi, Plastic Deformation Behavior of Mg89Zn4Y7 Extruded Alloy Composed of Long-Period Stacking Ordered Phase, Intermetallics, 2010, 18, p 1079–1085

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. M. Tane, Y. Nagai, H. Kimizuka, K. Hagihara, and Y. Kawamura, Elastic Properties of an Mg–Zn–Y Alloy Single Crystal with a Long-Period Stacking-Ordered Structure, Acta Mater., 2013, 61, p 6338–6351

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. T. Itoi, T. Seimiya, Y. Kawamura, and M. Hirohashi, Long Period Stacking Structures Observed in Mg97Zn1Y2 Alloy, Scr. Mater., 2004, 51, p 107–111

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. L. Zheng, C. Liu, J. Jin, X. Wang, D. Ji, Effect of Hot-Rolling on Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Extruded Mg-6Gd-3.2Y-xZn-0.5Zr Sheet, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2012, 22, p 104–111

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. H. Liu, F. Xue, J. Bai, and J. Zhou, Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of a Mg94Y4Ni2 Alloy with Long Period Stacking Ordered Structure, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2013, 22, p 3500–3506

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Z. Xue, Y. Ren, W. Luo, R. Zheng, C. Xu, Effect of Aging Treatment on the Precipitation Behavior and Mechanical Properties of Mg-9Gd-3Y-1.5Zn-0.5Zr Alloy, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2017, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-017-2755-y

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. X. Zhou, C. Liu, Y. Gao, S. Jiang, W. Liu, and L. Lu, Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Extruded Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr Alloys Filled with Intragranular LPSO Phases, Mater. Charact., 2018, 135, p 76–83

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. X. Zhou, C. Liu, Y. Gao, S. Jiang, W. Liu, and L. Lu, Hot Compression Behavior of the Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr Alloy Filled with Intragranular Long-Period Stacking Ordered Phases, J. Alloy. Compd., 2017, 724, p 528–536

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Y. Chino, M. Mabuchi, S. Hagiwara, H. Iwasaki, A. Yamamoto, and H. Tsubakino, Novel Equilibrium Two Phase Mg Alloy with the Long-Period Ordered Structure, Scr. Mater., 2004, 51, p 711–714

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. K. Hagihara, A. Kinoshita, Y. Sugino, M. Yamasaki, Y. Kawamura, H.Y. Yasuda, and Y. Umakoshi, Effect of Long-Period Stacking Ordered Phase on Mechanical Properties of Mg97Zn1Y2 Extruded Alloy, Acta Mater., 2010, 58, p 6282–6293

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. J.E. Saal and C. Wolverton, Thermodynamic Stability of Mg-Y-Zn Long-Period Stacking Ordered Structures, Scr. Mater., 2012, 67, p 798–801

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. T. Honma, T. Ohkubo, S. Kamado, K. Hono, Effect of Zn Additions on the Age-Hardening of Mg-2.0Gd-1.2Y-0.2Zr Alloys, Acta Mater., 2007, 55, p 4137–4150.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. E. Oñorbe, G. Garcés, P. Pérez, and P. Adeva, Effect of the LPSO Volume Fraction on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Mg-Y2X-ZnX Alloys, J. Mater. Sci., 2011, 47, p 1085–1093

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. M. Yamasaki, K. Hashimoto, K. Hagihara, and Y. Kawamura, Effect of Multimodal Microstructure Evolution on Mechanical Properties of Mg-Zn-Y Extruded Alloy, Acta Mater., 2011, 59, p 3646–3658

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. X. Zhou, C. Liu, Y. Gao, S. Jiang, X. Han, and Z. Chen, Evolution of LPSO Phases and Their Effect on Dynamic Recrystallization in a Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr Alloy, Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 2017, 48, p 3060–3072

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. C. Xu, T. Nakata, X. Qiao, M. Zheng, K. Wu, and S. Kamado, Effect of LPSO and SFs on Microstructure Evolution and Mechanical Properties of Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr Alloy, Sci. Rep., 2017, 7, p 40486

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Q. Ma, D.H. StJohn, and M.T. Frost, Characteristic Zirconium-Rich Coring Structures in Mg-Zr Alloys, Scr. Mater., 2002, 46, p 649–654

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. B.L. Xiao, Q. Yang, J. Yang, W.G. Wang, G.M. Xie, and Z.Y. Ma, Enhanced Mechanical Properties of Mg-Gd-Y-Zr Casting via Friction Stir Processing, J. Alloy. Compd., 2011, 509, p 2879–2884

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. J.F. Nie, K. Oh-ishi, X. Gao, and K. Hono, Solute Segregation and Precipitation in a Creep-Resistant Mg-Gd-Zn Alloy, Acta Mater., 2008, 56, p 6061–6076

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. M. Yamasaki, M. Sasaki, M. Nishijima, K. Hiraga, and Y. Kawamura, Formation of 14H Long Period Stacking Ordered Structure and Profuse Stacking Faults in Mg-Zn-Gd Alloys During Isothermal Aging at High Temperature, Acta Mater., 2007, 55, p 6798–6805

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Q. Yang, B.L. Xiao, Q. Zhang, M.Y. Zheng, and Z.Y. Ma, Exceptional High-Strain-Rate Superplasticity in Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr Alloy with Long-Period Stacking Ordered Phase, Scr. Mater., 2013, 69, p 801–804

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. H. Liu, J. Bai, K. Yan, J. Yan, A. Ma, and J. Jiang, Comparative Studies on Evolution Behaviors of 14H LPSO Precipitates in As-Cast and As-Extruded Mg-Y-Zn Alloys During Annealing at 773 K, Mater. Des., 2016, 93, p 9–18

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. C. Bettles and M. Barnett, Advances in Wrought Magnesium Alloys: Fundermentals of Processing, Elsevier, Properties and Applications, 2012

    Book  Google Scholar 

  37. X. Zhang, Z. Wang, W. Du, K. Liu, S. Li, Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Mg-13Gd-5Er-1Zn-0.3Zr Alloy, Mater. Des., 2014, 58, p 277–283

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China [Grant Number 2013CB632200] and the Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant Number 51574291]. The authors would like to thank Professor Daoyun Ding for her comments on this paper.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yonghao Gao.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Zhou, X., Liu, C., Gao, Y. et al. Mechanical Properties of the Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr Alloys with Different Morphologies of Long-Period Stacking Ordered Phases. J. of Materi Eng and Perform 27, 6237–6245 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-018-3713-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-018-3713-z

Keywords

Navigation