Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Plasma-Sprayed Titania and Alumina Coatings Obtained from Feedstocks Prepared by Heterocoagulation with 1 wt.% Carbon Nanotube

  • Published:
Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Properties of plasma-sprayed ceramic coatings can be improved significantly by reinforcing such coatings with carbon nanotube (CNT). However, it is difficult to disperse CNT in the plasma spray feedstock owing to its tendency to form agglomerate. A colloidal processing technique, namely heterocoagulation, is effective in bringing about unbundling of CNT, followed by its homogeneous dispersion in the ceramic powder. This report deals with the mixing of micro-sized crushed titania and agglomerated alumina powders with CNT using the heterocoagulation technique. Heterocoagulation of titania was attempted with both cationic and anionic surfactants, and the latter was found to be more effective. Mixing of the oxides and carbon nanotube was also accomplished in a ball mill either in a dry condition or in alcohol, and powders thus obtained were compared with the heterocoagulated powder. The heterocoagulated powder has shown a more homogeneous dispersion of CNT in the oxide. The coatings produced from the heterocoagulated powder demonstrated improvement in hardness, porosity, indentation fracture toughness and elastic modulus. This is attributed to CNT reinforcement.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. K. Sabiruddin, J. Joardar, and P. Bandyopadhyay, Analysis of Phase Transformation in Plasma Sprayed Alumina Coatings Using Rietveld Refinement, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2010, 204, p 3248–3253

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. V. Bolleddu, V. Racherla, and P. Bandyopadhyay, Microstructural and Tribological Characterization of Air Plasma Sprayed Nanostructured Alumina-Titania Coatings Deposited with Nitrogen and Argon as Primary Plasma Gases, Mater. Des., 2014, 59, p 252–263

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. G. Bolelli, K. Sabiruddin, L. Lusvarghi, E. Gualtieri, S. Valeri, and P. Bandyopadhyay, FIB Assisted Study of Plasma Sprayed Splat-Substrate Interfaces: NiAl-Stainless Steel and Alumina-NiAl Combinations, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2010, 205, p 363–371

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. P. Bandyopadhyay, M. Hadad, and C. Jaeggi, Microstructural, Tribological and Corrosion Aspects of Thermally Sprayed Ti-Cr-Si Coatings, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2008, 203, p 35–45

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. P. Bandyopadhyay and S. Siegmann, Friction and wear Behavior of Vacuum Plasma-Sprayed Ti-Zr-Ni Quasicrystal Coatings, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2005, 197, p 1–9

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. K. Sabiruddin, P. Bandyopadhyay, G. Bolelli, and L. Lusvarghi, Variation of Splat Shape with Processing Conditions in Plasma Sprayed Alumina Coatings, J. Mater. Process. Technol., 2011, 211, p 450–462

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. S. Das, T. Bandyopadhyay, S. Ghosh, A. Chattopadhyay, and P. Bandyopadhyay, Processing and Characterization of Plasma-Sprayed Ceramic Coatings on Steel Substrate: Part I. On Coating Characteristics, Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 2003, 34, p 1909–1918

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. S. Das, T. Bandyopadhyay, S. Ghosh, A. Chattopadhyay, and P. Bandyopadhyay, Processing and Characterization of Plasma-Sprayed Ceramic Coatings on Steel Substrate: Part II. On Coating Performance, Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 2003, 34, p 1919–1930

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. N. Berger-Keller, G. Bertrand, C. Filiatre, C. Meunier, and C. Coddet, Microstructure of Plasma-Sprayed Titania Coatings Deposited from Spray-Dried Powder, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2003, 168, p 281–290

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. P.P. Bandyopadhyay, V.K. Balla, S. Bose, and A. Bandyopadhyay, Compositionally Graded Aluminum Oxide Coatings on Stainless Steel Using Laser Processing, J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 2007, 90, p 1989–1991

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. P. Bandyopadhyay, D. Chicot, B. Venkateshwarlu, V. Racherla, X. Decoopman, and J. Lesage, Mechanical Properties of Conventional and Nanostructured Plasma Sprayed Alumina Coatings, Mech. Mater., 2012, 53, p 61–71

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. S.R. Bakshi, V. Singh, S. Seal, and A. Agarwal, Aluminum Composite Reinforced with Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes from Plasma Spraying of Spray Dried Powders, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2009, 203, p 1544–1554

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. E. Zapata-Solvas, D. Gómez-García, and A. Dominguez-Rodriguez, Towards Physical Properties Tailoring of Carbon Nanotubes-Reinforced Ceramic Matrix Composites, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc., 2012, 32, p 3001–3020

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. A. Morales-Rodríguez, A. Gallardo-López, A. Fernández-Serrano, R. Poyato, A. Muñoz, and A. Domínguez-Rodríguez, Improvement of Vickers Hardness Measurement on SWNT/Al2 O3 Composites Consolidated by Spark Plasma Sintering, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc., 2014, 34, p 3801–3809

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. K. Balani and A. Agarwal, Process Map for Plasma Sprayed Aluminum Oxide-Carbon Nanotube Nanocomposite Coatings, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2008, 202, p 4270–4277

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. K. Balani, S.R. Bakshi, Y. Chen, T. Laha, and A. Agarwal, Role of Powder Treatment and Carbon Nanotube Dispersion in the Fracture Toughening of Plasma-Sprayed Aluminum Oxide—Carbon Nanotube Nanocomposite, J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol., 2007, 7, p 3553–3562

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. J. Sun and L. Gao, Development of a Dispersion Process for Carbon Nanotubes in Ceramic Matrix by Heterocoagulation, Carbon, 2003, 41, p 1063–1068

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. J. Sun, L. Gao, and W. Li, Colloidal Processing of Carbon Nanotube/Alumina Composites, Chem. Mater., 2002, 14, p 5169–5172

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. S.C. Jambagi, N. Sarkar, and P. Bandyopadhyay, Preparation of Carbon Nanotube Doped Ceramic Powders for Plasma Spraying Using Heterocoagulation Method, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc., 2015, 35, p 989–1000

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. K. Esumi and M. Ueno, Structure-Performance Relationships in Surfactants, 2nd ed., CRC Press, Florida, 2003

    Google Scholar 

  21. L.-Y. Chai, Y.-F. Yu, G. Zhang, P. Bing, and S-w Wei, Effect of Surfactants on Preparation of Nanometer TiO2 by Pyrohydrolysis, Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China, 2007, 17, p 176–180

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. K. Esumi, S. Uda, M. Goino, K. Ishiduki, T. Suhara, H. Fukui, and Y. Koide, Adsorption of Cationic Surfactants on Titanium Dioxide with a Hydrophobic Group Anchor and Their Adsolubilization Behaviors, Langmuir, 1997, 13, p 2803–2807

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. N.B. Saleh, L.D. Pfefferle, and M. Elimelech, Aggregation Kinetics of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes in Aquatic Systems: Measurements and Environmental Implications, Environ. Sci. Technol., 2008, 42, p 7963–7969

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. F. Inam, H. Yan, M.J. Reece, and T. Peijs, Dimethylformamide: An Effective Dispersant for Making Ceramic-Carbon Nanotube Composites, Nanotechnology, 2008, 19, p 195710

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. A.K. Keshri, J. Huang, V. Singh, W. Choi, S. Seal, and A. Agarwal, Synthesis of Aluminum Oxide Coating with Carbon Nanotube Reinforcement Produced by Chemical Vapor Deposition for Improved Fracture and wear Resistance, Carbon, 2010, 48, p 431–442

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. P. He, G. Ma, H. Wang, Q. Yong, and S. Chen, Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of a Novel Plasma-Spray TiO2 Coating Reinforced by CNTs, Ceram. Int., 2016, 42, p 13319–13325

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. E. Rocha-Rangel, Fracture Toughness Determinations by Means of Indentation Fracture, Nanocomposites with Unique Properties and Applications in Medicine and Industry, Dr. John Cuppoletti, Ed., InTech, 2011, p 21–38

  28. S.C. Jambagi, S. Kar, P. Brodard, and P. Bandyopadhyay, Characteristics of Plasma Sprayed Coatings Produced from Carbon Nanotube Doped Ceramic Powder Feedstock, Mater. Des., 2016, 112, p 392–401

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. D.A. Hanaor and S.C. Sorrell, Review of the Anatase to Rutile Phase Transformation, J. Mater scie, 2011, 46, p 855–874

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. J. Kim and S. Kang, Stable Phase Domains of the TiO2-Ti3O5-Ti2O3-TiO-Ti(CxOy)-TiC System Examined Experimentally and Via First Principles Calculations, J Mater. Chem. A, 2014, 2, p 2641–2647

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The Malvern DLS instrument used for the measurement of zeta potential has been procured under a project sponsored by the Department of Science and Technology (DST), Government of India.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721 302, India

    Sudhakar C. Jambagi, Anish Agarwal & P. P. Bandyopadhyay

  2. Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721 302, India

    Nilmoni Sarkar

Authors
  1. Sudhakar C. Jambagi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Anish Agarwal
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Nilmoni Sarkar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. P. P. Bandyopadhyay
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to P. P. Bandyopadhyay.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Jambagi, S.C., Agarwal, A., Sarkar, N. et al. Plasma-Sprayed Titania and Alumina Coatings Obtained from Feedstocks Prepared by Heterocoagulation with 1 wt.% Carbon Nanotube. J. of Materi Eng and Perform 27, 2364–2372 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-018-3319-5

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-018-3319-5

Keywords

Search

Navigation