Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Modifications in the AA5083 Johnson-Cook Material Model for Use in Friction Stir Welding Computational Analyses

  • Published:
Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Johnson-Cook strength material model is frequently used in finite-element analyses of various manufacturing processes involving plastic deformation of metallic materials. The main attraction to this model arises from its mathematical simplicity and its ability to capture the first-order metal-working effects (e.g., those associated with the influence of plastic deformation, rate of deformation, and the attendant temperature). However, this model displays serious shortcomings when used in the engineering analyses of various hot-working processes (i.e., those utilizing temperatures higher than the material recrystallization temperature). These shortcomings are related to the fact that microstructural changes involving: (i) irreversible decrease in the dislocation density due to the operation of annealing/recrystallization processes; (ii) increase in grain-size due to high-temperature exposure; and (iii) dynamic-recrystallization-induced grain refinement are not accounted for by the model. In this study, an attempt is made to combine the basic physical-metallurgy principles with the associated kinetics relations to properly modify the Johnson-Cook material model, so that the model can be used in the analyses of metal hot-working and joining processes. The model is next used to help establish relationships between process parameters, material microstructure and properties in friction stir welding welds of AA5083 (a non-age-hardenable, solid-solution strengthened, strain-hardened/stabilized Al-Mg-Mn alloy).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. G.R. Johnson, W.H. Cook, A Constitutive Model and Data for Metals Subjected to Large Strains, High Strain Rates and High Temperatures, Proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on Ballistics, 1983

  2. “Armor Plate, Aluminum Alloy, Weldable 5083 and 5456”; MIL-DTL-46027J, U.S. Department of Defense, Washington DC, August 1992

  3. W.M. Thomas, E.D. Nicholas, J.C. Needham, M.G. Murch, P. Temple-Smith, and C. J. Dawes. Friction Stir Butt Welding, International Patent Application No. PCT/GB92/02203, 1991

  4. C.J. Dawes and W.M. Thomas, Friction Stir Process Welds Aluminum Alloys, Weld. J., 1996, 75, p 41–52

    Google Scholar 

  5. W.M. Thomas and R.E. Dolby. Friction Stir Welding Developments, Proceedings of the Sixth International Trends in Welding Research, S. A. David, T. DebRoy, J. C. Lippold, H. B. Smartt and J. M. Vitek, Eds., ASM International, Materials Park, OH, USA, 2003, p 203–211

  6. J.Q. Su, T.W. Nelson, R. Mishra, and M. Mahoney, Microstructural Investigation of Friction Stir Welded 7050-T651 Aluminum, Acta Mater., 2003, 51, p 713–729

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. W.B. Lee, C.Y. Lee, W.S. Chang, Y.M. Yeon, and S.B. Jung, Microstructural Investigation of Friction Stir Welded Pure Titanium, Mater. Lett., 2005, 59, p 3315–3318

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. H. Schmidt, T.L. Dickerson, and J. Hattel, Material Flow in Butt Friction Stir Welds in AA2024-T3, Acta Mater., 2006, 54, p 1199–1209

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. L. Fratini, G. Buffa, D. Palmeri, J. Hua, and R. Shivpuri, Material Flow in FSW of AA7075–T6 Butt Joints: Numerical Simulations and Experimental Verifications, Sci. Technol. Weld. Join., 2006, 11, p 412–421

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. R.S. Mishra and Z.Y. Ma, Friction Stir Welding and Processing, Mater. Sci. Eng. R, 2005, 50, p 1–78

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. H.W. Zhang, Z. Zhang, and J.T. Chen, The Finite Element Simulation of the Friction Stir Welding Process, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2005, 403, p 340–348

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. H.G. Salem, A.P. Reynolds, and J.S. Lyons, Microstructure and Retention of Superplasticity of Friction Stir Welded Superplastic 2095 Sheet, Scripta Mater., 2002, 46, p 337–342

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. M. Grujicic, G. Arakere, H.V. Yalavarthy, T. He, C.-F. Yen, and B.A. Cheeseman, Modeling of AA5083 Material-microstructure Evolution During Butt Friction-Stir Welding, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2010, 19(5), p 672–684

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. M. Grujicic, G. Arakere, C.-F. Yen, and B.A. Cheeseman, Computational Investigation of Hardness Evolution During Friction-stir Welding of AA5083 and AA2139 Aluminum Alloys, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2010, 20(7), p 1097–1108

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. M. Grujicic, G. Arakere, B. Pandurangan, A. Hariharan, C.-F. Yen, B.A. Cheeseman, and C. Fountzoulas, Statistical Analysis of High-Cycle Fatigue Behavior of Friction Stir Welded AA5083–H321, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2010, 20(6), p 855–864

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. M. Grujicic, T. He, G. Arakere, H.V. Yalavarthy, C.-F. Yen, and B.A. Cheeseman, Fully-Coupled Thermo-Mechanical Finite-Element Investigation of Material Evolution During Friction-Stir Welding of AA5083, J. Eng. Manuf., 2010, 224(4), p 609–625

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. M. Grujicic, G. Arakere, B. Pandurangan, A. Hariharan, C.-F. Yen, and B.A. Cheeseman, Development of a Robust and Cost-effective Friction Stir Welding Process for use in Advanced Military Vehicle Structures, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2011, 20(1), p 11–23

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. M. Grujicic, G. Arakere, B. Pandurangan, A. Hariharan, C.-F. Yen, B.A. Cheeseman, and C. Fountzoulas, Computational Analysis and Experimental Validation of the Ti-6Al-4V Friction Stir Welding Behavior, J. Eng. Manuf., 2011, 225(2), p 208–223

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. M. Grujicic, G. Arakere, A. Hariharan, B. Pandurangan, C-.F. Yen, and B.A. Cheeseman, A Concurrent Design, Manufacturing and Testing Product Development Approach for Friction-stir Welded Vehicle Underbody Structures, J. Mater. Eng. Perform. 2010. doi: 10.1007/s11665-011-9955-7

  20. M. Grujicic, G. Arakere, B. Pandurangan, A. Hariharan, C.-F. Yen, B.A. Cheeseman, and C. Fountzoulas, Computational Analysis and Experimental Validation of the Ti-6Al-4V Friction Stir Welding Behavior, J. Eng. Manuf., 2010, 224(8), p 1–16

    Google Scholar 

  21. Z. Huda and T. Zaharinie, Kinetics of Grain Growth in 2024-T3: An Aerospace Aluminum Alloy, J. Alloys Compd., 2009, 478, p 128–132

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. I. Mazuruna, T. Sakai, H. Miura, O. Sitdikov, and R. Kaibishev, Effect of Deformation Temperature on Microstructure Evolution in Aluminum Alloy 2219 During Hot ECAP, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2008, 486, p 662–671

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. ABAQUS Version 6.10EF, User Documentation, Dassault Systems, 2011

  24. S. Xu, X. Deng, A.P. Reynolds, and T.U. Seidel, Finite Element Simulation of Material Flow in Friction Stir Welding, Sci. Technol. Weld Join., 2001, 6, p 191–193

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The material presented in this paper is based on work supported by two Army Research Office sponsored grants (W911NF-11-1-0207 and W911NF-09-1-0513) and two U.S. Army/Clemson University Cooperative Agreements (W911NF-04-2-0024 and W911NF-06-2-0042).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, 241 Engineering Innovation Building, Clemson, SC, 29634-0921, USA

    M. Grujicic & B. Pandurangan

  2. Army Research Laboratory—Survivability Materials Branch, Aberdeen, Proving Ground, MD, 21005-5069, USA

    C.-F. Yen & B. A. Cheeseman

Authors
  1. M. Grujicic
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. B. Pandurangan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. C.-F. Yen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. B. A. Cheeseman
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to M. Grujicic.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Grujicic, M., Pandurangan, B., Yen, CF. et al. Modifications in the AA5083 Johnson-Cook Material Model for Use in Friction Stir Welding Computational Analyses. J. of Materi Eng and Perform 21, 2207–2217 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-011-0118-7

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-011-0118-7

Keywords

Search

Navigation