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Characteristics of Sulfides in Commercial Ca-Treated Resulfurized Steel With Different Deoxidation Modes

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Abstract

In this paper, based on the three heats of commercial Ca-treated resulfurized steel with different deoxidation modes, the characteristics of sulfides in bars were analyzed by Micro-CT, and the characteristics and formation of duplex (Ca,Mn)S inclusions in bars were analyzed and discussed. The results indicate as the decrease of Al content in molten steel, Ca content in bar increases. The morphologies and distribution of sulfides can be further improved using Ca–Al or Ca deoxidation compared to Al deoxidation. Under Al or Ca–Al deoxidation mode, the compositions of core oxides are similar, and the core oxides mainly formed during solidification. Under Ca deoxidation mode, CaO–MgO–Al2O3–SiO2 oxides with higher CaO and SiO2 content formed in molten steel, which can directly become nucleation cores of sulfides, so the compositions of core oxides have an obvious change. The elongation of sulfides can be further inhibited using Ca–Al deoxidation compared to Ca deoxidation, which results from two reasons. On the one hand, under Ca–Al deoxidation mode, more Ca atoms migrate from oxides to wrapping sulfides during solidification, and CaS content in (Ca,Mn)S increases more compared to Ca deoxidation. On the other hand, more duplex (Ca,Mn)S inclusions formed in steel using Ca–Al deoxidation compared to Ca deoxidation. In order to better control the shape of sulfides and improve the castability of molten steel, Ca–Al deoxidation is the optimal deoxidation mode, and Al content should be controlled as 0.008 to 0.012 pct when Ca content is about 15 to 20 ppm.

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Acknowledgments

The authors were grateful for support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51874034). The authors also appreciate the Shaoguan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd. for the technical help.

Conflict of interest

On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states that there is no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, P.R. China

    Yao Li & Guoguang Cheng

  2. Baowu Group Guangdong Zhongnan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd., Shaoguan, 512123, Guangdong, P.R. China

    Jinlong Lu & Hu Long

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  1. Yao Li
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  2. Guoguang Cheng
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Correspondence to Guoguang Cheng.

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Li, Y., Cheng, G., Lu, J. et al. Characteristics of Sulfides in Commercial Ca-Treated Resulfurized Steel With Different Deoxidation Modes. Metall Mater Trans B 54, 3343–3360 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-023-02913-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-023-02913-2

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