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Investigation of Evolution of Inclusions in 15-5PH Stainless Steel During Hot Compression Using 3D X-Ray Microscopy

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Abstract

Non-metallic inclusions in steel disrupt the continuity of the matrix and decrease the strength and toughness of steel. This study analyzed the composition of the inclusion and two-dimensional size distribution in 15-5PH stainless steel using an automatic inclusion analysis system. The results showed that the composition was determined to be mainly Al–Si–Mn–O composites, and the average area, average equivalent diameter, and face fraction percentage of were 39.35 μm2, 5.86 μm, and 0.031 pct, respectively. The three-dimensional (3D) morphology and spatial distribution of the inclusions were further demonstrated using 3D microscopy (3D-XRM). The average volume, equivalent diameter, and volume fraction were 215.83 μm3, 7.44 μm, and 0.023 pct, respectively. Compared to SEM, 3D-XRM could obtain the internal information of the sample non-destructively and display the 3D morphology of inclusions more intuitively. Subsequently, the morphology, aspect ratio and spatial orientation of the inclusions at 1453 K under different deformation ratios were compared using 3D-XRM. As compression increased, the 3D morphology changed from spherical to flat, and the average aspect ratio and spatial orientation angle of the inclusions gradually increased, which indicated that the inclusions have excellent deformation ability. The deformability of the inclusions first increased and then decreased with the increasing of compression especially the large ones.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful for the support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51834002 and 52104320).

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On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states that there is no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P.R. China

    Qiang Liu, Zhonghua Zhan, Ming Gao, Lidong Xing, Yanbin Yin & Jiongming Zhang

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  1. Qiang Liu
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  2. Zhonghua Zhan
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Liu, Q., Zhan, Z., Gao, M. et al. Investigation of Evolution of Inclusions in 15-5PH Stainless Steel During Hot Compression Using 3D X-Ray Microscopy. Metall Mater Trans B 54, 2852–2863 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-023-02882-6

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