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Microstructural Characterization of an ERNiCrMo-3 and Grey Cast Iron Interface Obtained via TIG Welding

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Abstract

For some industrial applications, nickel-based superalloys are surface welded onto grey cast iron to improve wear and corrosion resistance. In these circumstances, different chemical compositions and welding techniques result in the formation of distinct phases. Therefore, a comprehensive investigation of the microstructural evolution is essential for new developments. Here, an ERNiCrMo-3 alloy was deposited on grey cast iron using Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welding under controlled parameters. The interface microstructure was characterized via light and scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, electron probe microanalysis, X-ray diffraction, thermodynamic calculation, and microhardness measurements. After cooling, multiphase regions were obtained and investigated. At the fusion zone, a new solidification path was proposed: L→ L+γ→ L+γ+M7C3→ γ+M7C3+NbC+Mo2C→ γ+M7C3+NbC+Mo2C+Laves. The high carbon content with the alloying elements in the coat led to the formation of the eutectic inter-dendritic γ+M7C3, besides the precipitation of Laves, NbC, and Mo2C. We found tempered martensite, retained austenite, and carbides in the partially melted zone, including NbC, Fe3C, and (Ti, V, Nb, n)xCy. In the heat-affected zone, a needle martensite matrix with graphite flakes was obtained, as well as carbides. The presence of martensite combined with different carbides resulted in hardness values up to 750 HV (0.3) in this region.

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank the AWARE Center (Bavarian Center for Applied Research and Technology with Latin America) for providing support to international research networks and interdisciplinary cooperation. It strengthens the cooperation between the Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt (THI) and the Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC). In addition, the authors thank Christian Biber, a laboratory assistant from the THI, for the technical support during the analyses.

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On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states that there is no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mobility Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Joinville, 89219-600, Brazil

    Gabriel Benedet Dutra, Tiago Vieira Cunha & Carlos Eduardo dos Santos

  2. Department of Materials Engineering, Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt (THI), 85049, Ingolstadt, Germany

    Ulrich Tetzlaff & Georges Lemos

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  1. Gabriel Benedet Dutra
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Dutra, G.B., Tetzlaff, U., Cunha, T.V. et al. Microstructural Characterization of an ERNiCrMo-3 and Grey Cast Iron Interface Obtained via TIG Welding. Metall Mater Trans B 53, 2534–2546 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-022-02549-8

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