Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Formation Mechanism and Evolution Behavior of the Soft Zone in Grade 91 Steel Weldment During Postweld Heat Treatment

  • Brief Communication
  • Published:
Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The soft zone of Grade 91 steel has been precisely identified and systematically characterized subjected to designed postweld heat treatment. It has been demonstrated that the formation of fine fresh martensites and ensuing rapid degradation are primary factors accounting for excessive hardness reduction in the soft zone. Moreover, it has been documented that prolonging postweld heat treatment duration could significantly enhance the soft zone width as dominating microstructure morphs into equiaxed ferrites and coarse precipitates.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

References

  1. S.A. David, J.A. Siefert, and Z. Feng: Sci. Technol. Weld. Joining, 2013, vol. 18, pp. 631–51.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. D. Abson and J. Rothwell: Int. Mater. Rev., 2013, vol. 58, pp. 437–73.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. K. Zhang and J. Aktaa: J. Nucl. Mater., 2016, vol. 472, pp. 227–39.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. K. Sawada, M. Bauer, F. Kauffmann, P. Mayr, and A. Klenk: Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2010, vol. 527, pp. 1417–26.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. C. Pandey, M.M. Mahapatra, P. Kumar, S. Kumar, and S. Sirohi: J. Mater. Process. Technol., 2019, vol. 266, pp. 140–54.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Y. Shen, Z. Gu, and C. Wang: Acta Metall. Sin., 2023, https://doi.org/10.11900/0412.1961.2023.00045.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. H. Ghassemi Armaki, R. Chen, S. Kano, K. Maruyama, Y. Hasegawa, and M. Igarashi: J. Nucl. Mater., 2011, vol. 416, pp. 273–79.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Y. Wang, R. Kannan, and L. Li: Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 2018, vol. 49A, pp. 1264–75.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. C. Pandey, M. Mahapatra, P. Kumar, and A. Giri: Met. Mater. Int., 2017, vol. 23, pp. 900–14.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. X. Yuan, M. Zhong, Y. Wu, and C. Wang: Metall. Mater. Trans. B, 2022, vol. 53B, pp. 656–61.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. K. Laha, K.S. Chandravathi, P. Parameswaran, and K.B.S. Rao: Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 2009, vol. 40A, pp. 386–97.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. J. Chen, H. Liu, Z. Pan, K. Shi, H. Zhang, and J. Li: Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2015, vol. 622, pp. 153–59.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Y. Wang, R. Kannan, and L. Li: Mater. Des., 2020, vol. 190, 108570.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. K. Laha, K.S. Chandravathi, P. Parameswaran, K.B.S. Rao, and S.L. Mannan: Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 2007, vol. 38A, pp. 58–68.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. M. Abd El-Azim, O. El-Desoky, H. Ruoff, F. Kauffmann, and E. Roos: Mater. Sci. Technol., 2013, vol. 29, pp. 1027–33.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. S.K. Albert, M. Matsui, T. Watanabe, H. Hongo, K. Kubo, and M. Tabuchi: ISIJ Int., 2002, vol. 42, pp. 1497–1504.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. S. Collomb, P. Gressel, J. Ghanbaja, A. Jacques, and A. Redjaïmia: Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2022, vol. 855, 143851.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Z. Gu, Y. Shen, M. Zhong, Y. Feng, J. Liu, and C. Wang: Mater. Today Commun., 2023, vol. 35, 106027.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Y. Wu, X. Yuan, I. Kaldre, M. Zhong, Z. Wang, and C. Wang: Metall. Mater. Trans. B, 2023, vol. 54B, pp. 50–55.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Y. Wang, W. Zhang, Y. Wang, Y.C. Lim, X. Yu, and Z. Feng: Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2021, vol. 799, 140356.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. C.H. Wei, J. Zhang, S.L. Yang, W. Tao, F.S. Wu, and W.S. Xia: Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol., 2015, vol. 78, pp. 1629–40.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Y. Shen, Z. Gu, and C. Wang: Metall. Mater. Trans. B, 2021, vol. 52B, pp. 1923–29.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Y. Wang, R. Kannan, L. Zhang, and L. Li: Weld. J., 2017, vol. 96, pp. 203–19.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Y. Wang, R. Kannan, and L. Li: Mater. Charact., 2016, vol. 118, pp. 225–34.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. H.-S. Yang and H.K.D.H. Bhadeshia: Scr. Mater., 2009, vol. 60, pp. 493–95.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. M.E. Abd El-Azim, O.H. Ibrahim, and O.E. El-Desoky: Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2013, vol. 560, pp. 678–84.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. M.K. Alam, M. Mehdi, R.J. Urbanic, and A. Edrisy: Mater. Charact., 2020, vol. 161, 110138.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. S. Morito, H. Saito, T. Ogawa, T. Furuhara, and T. Maki: ISIJ Int., 2005, vol. 45, pp. 91–94.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. H. Mirzadeh, J.M. Cabrera, A. Najafizadeh, and P.R. Calvillo: Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2012, vol. 538, pp. 236–45.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Y. Yamamoto and M. Ortolani: Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2021, vol. 826, 141993.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. C.G. Shang, M.L. Wang, Z.C. Zhou, K. Yagi, and Y.H. Lu: Mater. Charact., 2023, vol. 198, 112744.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Y. Wang, R. Kannan, and L. Li: Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 2016, vol. 47A, pp. 5680–84.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Y. Wang, W. Zhang, Y. Lim, Y. Wang, and Z. Feng: Materials, 2020, vol. 13, p. 3985.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank the financial support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2022YFE0123300), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. U20A20277 and 52150610494), Spring Sunshine Plan (Chunhui) Research Project of Ministry of Education of China (Grant No. HZKY20220437). Yang Shen acknowledges the financial support from Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation (Grant No. 20232BAB214054), Science and Technology Research Project of Jiangxi Education Department (Grant No. GJJ2201117), and Global Talents Recruitment Program (Double Thousand Plan) endowed by Jiangxi Provincial Government.

Conflict of interest

On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states that there is no conflict of interest.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory for Ecological Metallurgy of Multimetallic Mineral, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, P.R. China

    Zhengman Gu, Yang Shen, Ming Zhong & Cong Wang

  2. School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, P.R. China

    Zhengman Gu, Yang Shen, Ming Zhong & Cong Wang

  3. Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Forming and Joining Technology for Aerospace Components, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, 330063, P.R. China

    Yang Shen

Authors
  1. Zhengman Gu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Yang Shen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Ming Zhong
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Cong Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Cong Wang.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Gu, Z., Shen, Y., Zhong, M. et al. Formation Mechanism and Evolution Behavior of the Soft Zone in Grade 91 Steel Weldment During Postweld Heat Treatment. Metall Mater Trans A 55, 31–37 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-023-07236-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-023-07236-0

Search

Navigation