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Corrosion and Mechanical Performance of Grade 92 Ferritic-Martensitic Steel After Exposure to Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

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Abstract

Grade 92 ferritic-martensitic steel is a candidate alloy for medium temperature (< 550 °C) components for the supercritical carbon dioxide (s-CO2) Brayton cycle. 1000 hours exposures were performed on base and welded material in s-CO2 at temperatures of 450 °C or 550 °C and compared to samples aged in Ar at 550 °C. Both s-CO2 exposures resulted in a duplex oxide growth and carburization, with 450 °C exhibiting carburization in a power law diffusion profile up to a depth of 200-250 µm, while 550 °C showed a linear profile up to a depth of 100 µm. The different profiles indicate much slower precipitation and coarsening of carbides at the lower temperature, allowing carbon to diffuse deeper into the material. However, 450 °C produced improved mechanical properties while 550 °C produced deteriorated properties. This was due to the higher density of carbon near the metal–oxide interface which leads to significant carbide coarsening and, subsequently, crack initiation and early failure. Additional exposure at 450 °C is predicted to increase deposited carbon, but further study would be needed to understand if and when carburization will produce a negative mechanical effect.

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Acknowledgments

The author gratefully acknowledges the contributions made to this work by Paul Brooks, Peter Li, and Ryan Carroll at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. Sandia National Laboratories is a multimission laboratory managed and operated by National Technology and Engineering Solutions of Sandia, LLC., a wholly owned subsidiary of Honeywell International, Inc., for the U.S. Department of Energy’s National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract DE-NA-0003525.

Funding

This work was supported by Advance supercritical carbon dioxide cycles [DE-EE0007120] and the U.S. Department of Energy.

Data Availability

The raw data used for this work is available upon request from the corresponding author.

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  1. Andrew Brittan

    Present address: Oregon State University, 1891 SW Campus Way, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1500 Engineering Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA

    Andrew Brittan & Mark Anderson

  2. Sandia National Laboratory, Albuquerque, NM, 87123, USA

    Jacob Mahaffey

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  1. Andrew Brittan
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Correspondence to Andrew Brittan.

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Manuscript submitted October 10, 2019.

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Brittan, A., Mahaffey, J. & Anderson, M. Corrosion and Mechanical Performance of Grade 92 Ferritic-Martensitic Steel After Exposure to Supercritical Carbon Dioxide. Metall Mater Trans A 51, 2564–2572 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-020-05691-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-020-05691-7

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