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A Transition from Fine to Coarse Lamellar Eutectics in the Undercooled Ni-29.8 At. Pct Si Eutectic Alloy: Experiments and Modeling

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Abstract

In contrast to the classical eutectic growth models, according to which the eutectic spacing decreases invariably with undercooling, an anomalous transition from fine to coarse lamellar eutectics was found in the undercooled Ni-29.8 at. pct Si eutectic alloy. In this study, the growth kinetics, recalescence processes, and grain orientations were analyzed. A sharp increase of the growth velocity at an undercooling of about 100 K was found. The recalescence front transited in sequence from a diffuse one with tips, to a diffuse one without tips and then to a sharp one. The microstructures changed from a mixture of directional rod-shaped γ-Ni31Si12 grains and fine lamellar eutectics to solely coarse lamellar eutectics. Coarse lamellar eutectics were found to be formed by rapid solidification of primary directional rod-shaped Ni31Si12 intermetallic compound and subsequent epitaxial growth of secondary Ni2Si intermetallic compound, being consistent with the predictions of eutectic–dendritic and dendritic growth models. Coarse anomalous eutectics at low undercooling were formed by fragmentation of fine lamellar eutectics and their subsequent coarsening. At high undercooling, they were formed by decoupled-eutectic growth.

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Notes

  1. For lamellar eutectics, λ is the lamellar spacing, while for rod eutectics, λ is the sum of the radiuses of constituent phases.

  2. The formation mechanism of anomalous eutectics was widely studied. But it is still in debate even for the same eutectic alloys.[12,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25]

  3. For both the Ni-19.6 at. pct P and Ni-29.8 at. pct Si eutectic alloys, the constituent eutectic phases are two stoichiometric intermetallic compounds. In this case, solute supersaturation is completely absent to avoid the chemical superheating effect.

  4. Generally, the recalescence events can be used to understand the solidification processes, e.g., one recalescence event usually corresponds to one solidification process. This is, however, not the case if multiple nucleation events happen within the sample or epitaxial growth of the second phase on the primary phase occurs, e.g., in current work.

  5. It should be pointed out in the work of Du et al.,[35,36] it is the γ-Ni5Si2 phase that was used.

  6. It should be pointed out that except for Figure 2, other SEM images from different positions of the samples were used to measure the lamellar spacing and the width of the primary rod-shaped γ-Ni31Si12 grains. At least 30 measurements were carried out to obtain a reliable average value with the help of the software of ImageJ.

  7. The fine anomalous eutectics are formed by fragmentation of fine lamellar eutectics.[19,20]

  8. It should be pointed out that the widths of the primary γ-Ni31Si12 grains and the secondary δ-Ni2Si do not deviate from each other significantly; see e.g., Figure 7.

  9. Similar results can be found in the undercooled Ag-Cu eutectic alloys,[23] i.e., coarse anomalous eutectics distribute around the primary lamellar eutectics.

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Acknowledgments

H.F. Wang would like to thank the Huo Yingdong Young Teacher Fund (No. 151048), the Aeronautical Science Foundation of China (No. 2015ZF53066), the Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars from Shaanxi province (2018-JC007), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities and the support of Alexander von Humboldt Foundation for a research fellowship.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710072, P.R. China

    Fan Zhang, Haifeng Wang, Jianbao Zhang & Qing Zhou

  2. Institut für Materialphysik im Weltraum, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft-und Raumfahrt (DLR), 51170, Cologne, Germany

    M. Kolbe & D. M. Herlach

  3. Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Fakultät für Physik und Astronomie, 44780, Bochum, Germany

    D. M. Herlach

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  1. Fan Zhang
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Correspondence to Haifeng Wang.

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Manuscript submitted December 24, 2018.

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Zhang, F., Wang, H., Kolbe, M. et al. A Transition from Fine to Coarse Lamellar Eutectics in the Undercooled Ni-29.8 At. Pct Si Eutectic Alloy: Experiments and Modeling. Metall Mater Trans A 50, 2847–2859 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-019-05221-0

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