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Effect of Direct Current on Microstructure Evolution of Directionally Solidified Sn-70 wt pct Bi Alloy at Different Pulling Rates

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Abstract

The effect of direct current (DC) on the solidification behaviors of Sn-70 wt pct Bi alloy was studied using the directional solidification method. All the microstructures obtained at different pulling rates with DC treatment consisted of two typical structures, i.e., the transitional and steady ones. It was found that the transitional microstructures were two-phase structures under a positive DC, whose morphologies and the corresponding lengths of transitional zone were independent of the pulling rate. However, the transitional microstructures upon DC reversal, which were different from those under a positive DC, strongly depended on the pulling rate. The formation and difference of the transitional microstructures upon DC reversal were mainly attributed to Joule heating and concentration-dependent electromigration. The primary nubby Bi phase and dendritic β-Sn phase, caused by composition fluctuation due to the difference of Lorentz force subjected to Sn and Bi, precipitated in the steady zone regardless of the current polarity.

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Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the NPU Foundation for Fundamental Research in China [No. JC201272], the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities on Northwestern Polytechnical University [GEKY1008 and No. 3102015ZY078], and the National Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province in China [No. 2015JQ5125].

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Space Applied Physics and Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, 710072, Shanxi, P.R. China

    Limin Zhang (Assistant Professor), Ning Li (Ph.D. Student), Rong Zhang (Professor), Juan Wang (Master Student), Lifei Du (Ph.D. Student), Pengfei Yin (Ph.D. Student), Kaikai Song (Associate Professor) & Hui Xing (Assistant Professor)

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  1. Limin Zhang
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  2. Ning Li
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Correspondence to Limin Zhang.

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Manuscript submitted September 23, 2014.

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Zhang, L., Li, N., Zhang, R. et al. Effect of Direct Current on Microstructure Evolution of Directionally Solidified Sn-70 wt pct Bi Alloy at Different Pulling Rates. Metall Mater Trans A 46, 4174–4182 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-015-3036-8

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