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Grain Growth Behavior and Hall–Petch Strengthening in Friction Stir Processed Al 5059

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Abstract

Friction stir processing (FSP) of Al 5059 is studied in which subsequent heat treatment is conducted to investigate its effects on grain size and hardness. It was found that mainly elongated and rhomboidal morphologies of Al6(Mn,Fe) particles are present in the alloy both before and after FSP, where the rhomboidal particles are more effective in pinning grain boundaries during heat treatment. The stir zone reached a temperature of 705 K (432 °C), and ThermoCalc modeling confirmed that the Al6(Mn,Fe) particles will remain stable at this temperature. Negligible grain growth was observed during FSP of the Al 5059 due to low grain boundary mobility resulting from slow diffusion associated with a high Mg content in the alloy. During heat treatment at 448 K (175 °C) grain growth could be correlated with time using a particle-controlled grain growth model. Microhardness values indicate that Hall–Petch behavior occurs in the processed alloy, while dislocation density and particle dispersion play a minor role in strengthening.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to recognize the Natural Sciences and Engineering Council (NSERC) of Canada and Defence R&D Canada for financial assistant with this project. The authors also acknowledge Mojtaba Izadi for assistance with using Matlab, and Meysam Haghshenas and Saman Sahraeinejad for the help with temperature measurements.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada

    Hossein Izadi (Postdoctoral Fellow)

  2. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm, Sweden

    Rolf Sandstrom (Professor)

  3. Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada

    Adrian P. Gerlich (Associate Professor)

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  1. Hossein Izadi
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Correspondence to Hossein Izadi.

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Manuscript submitted February 17, 2014.

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Izadi, H., Sandstrom, R. & Gerlich, A.P. Grain Growth Behavior and Hall–Petch Strengthening in Friction Stir Processed Al 5059. Metall Mater Trans A 45, 5635–5644 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-014-2492-x

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