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Experimental Determination of the Solubility of Co in the Cr-Based Carbides Cr23C6, Cr7C3, and Cr3C2

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Abstract

Thermodynamic calculations based on the CALPHAD method are nowadays often applied in the design of new materials due to increasing demands on shorter lead times for development. However, such calculations rely heavily on the assessed thermodynamic descriptions, which in turn rely on the amount and quality of available experimental data, especially for binary and ternary sub-systems. The ternary Co-Cr-C system is an extremely important subsystem to, e.g., multi-component cemented carbide grades, such as W-Co-Cr-M-C (M = Ti,Ta,Nb,V,Zr,Hf), as well as Cr-containing Co-base alloys. In the case of the Co-Cr-C system, there is a lack of reliable data on the solubility of Co in Cr-carbides. Therefore, the present work concerns an experimental study of the solubility of Co in all three of the Cr-based carbides, i.e., Cr23C6, Cr7C3, and Cr3C2. This was done by synthesizing appropriate samples in the M7C3+M23C6+liquid and M7C3+M3C2+graphite three-phase fields. The results show that a recent thermodynamic description of the Co-Cr-C system is unable to reproduce the experimentally determined solubilities. Therefore, the present study provides important input for future alloy development and improvement of the thermodynamic description of the Co-Cr-C system.

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Acknowledgments

This work was performed in a research project funded and supported by the Swedish Research Council (VR) and Sandvik Coromant. Marja-Liisa Nykänen and Dr. Håkan Hollmark, both at Sandvik Coromant, are acknowledged for their assistance with the XRD measurements. Prof. Du Sichen at the department of Materials Science and Engineering, KTH, is acknowledged for allocating the necessary furnace time for some of the experiments.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden

    Bartek Kaplan (Ph.D. Student, R&D Engineer), Andreas Markström (Ph.D. Student, Researcher) & Malin Selleby (Professor)

  2. Sandvik Coromant R&D, Stockholm, Sweden

    Bartek Kaplan (Ph.D. Student, R&D Engineer) & Susanne Norgren (Group Expert, Adjunct Professor)

  3. Thermo-Calc Software AB, Stockholm, Sweden

    Andreas Markström (Ph.D. Student, Researcher)

  4. Ångström Tribomaterials Group, Applied Materials Science, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden

    Susanne Norgren (Group Expert, Adjunct Professor)

Authors
  1. Bartek Kaplan
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  2. Andreas Markström
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  3. Susanne Norgren
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  4. Malin Selleby
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Bartek Kaplan.

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Manuscript submitted October 11, 2013.

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Kaplan, B., Markström, A., Norgren, S. et al. Experimental Determination of the Solubility of Co in the Cr-Based Carbides Cr23C6, Cr7C3, and Cr3C2 . Metall Mater Trans A 45, 4820–4828 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-014-2441-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-014-2441-8

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