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A Quantitative Model of Keyhole Instability Induced Porosity in Laser Welding of Titanium Alloy

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An Erratum to this article was published on 03 April 2014

Abstract

Quantitative prediction of the porosity defects in deep penetration laser welding has generally been considered as a very challenging task. In this study, a quantitative model of porosity defects induced by keyhole instability in partial penetration CO2 laser welding of a titanium alloy is proposed. The three-dimensional keyhole instability, weld pool dynamics, and pore formation are determined by direct numerical simulation, and the results are compared to prior experimental results. It is shown that the simulated keyhole depth fluctuations could represent the variation trends in the number and average size of pores for the studied process conditions. Moreover, it is found that it is possible to use the predicted keyhole depth fluctuations as a quantitative measure of the average size of porosity. The results also suggest that due to the shadowing effect of keyhole wall humps, the rapid cooling of the surface of the keyhole tip before keyhole collapse could lead to a substantial decrease in vapor pressure inside the keyhole tip, which is suggested to be the mechanism by which shielding gas enters into the porosity.

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Acknowledgments

This research is financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51105153), the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (No. 20100142110079), the Fundamental Research Fund for Central Universities (No. 2011QN082), and the Talent Recruitment Foundation of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (No. 0124110034).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, P.R. China

    Shengyong Pang (Assistant Professor), Weidong Chen (Master Student) & Wen Wang (Ph.D. Student)

Authors
  1. Shengyong Pang
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  2. Weidong Chen
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  3. Wen Wang
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Correspondence to Shengyong Pang.

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Manuscript submitted May 6, 2013.

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Pang, S., Chen, W. & Wang, W. A Quantitative Model of Keyhole Instability Induced Porosity in Laser Welding of Titanium Alloy. Metall Mater Trans A 45, 2808–2818 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-014-2231-3

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