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Influence of Aluminum Alloying and Heating Rate on Austenite Formation in Low Carbon-Manganese Steels

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Abstract

This investigation focuses on the austenite formation process during continuous heating, over a wide range of heating rates (0.05 to 20 K/s), in three low carbon-manganese steels alloyed with different levels of aluminum (0.02, 0.48, and 0.94, wt pct Al). High resolution dilatometry, combined with metallographic observations, was used to determine the starting (Ac 1) and finishing (Ac 3) temperatures of this transformation. It is shown that both the aluminum content and the applied heating rate have a strong influence on this process. During fast heating (>1 K/s), the pearlite phase present in the initial microstructure remains almost unaffected up to temperature Ac 1. On the contrary, during slow heating, cementite lamellas inside pearlite partially dissolve, this dissolution effect being more pronounced for the lower carbon and higher aluminum content steels. The changes in the initial microstructure during slow heating affect the austenite nucleation and growth processes. Furthermore, in the aluminum alloyed steels, slow heating conditions shift the Ac 3 temperature to higher values. This shift is suggested to be due to aluminum partitioning from austenite to ferrite, which stabilizes ferrite and delays its transformation to higher temperatures. Thermodynamic calculations carried out with MTDATA software seem to support some of the experimental observations carried out under very low heating conditions close to equilibrium (0.05 K/s).

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Acknowledgments

P Javier Vara Miñambres, Nacho Ruiz Oliva, Alfonso García Delgado, and Íñigo Amurrio Anguita, CENIM-CSIC (Spain), are gratefully acknowledged for their experimental support with the dilatometry experiments, metallographic sample preparation, and assistance with the FEG-SEM microscopy.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. MATERALIA Group, Department of Physical Metallurgy, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Metalúrgicas (CENIM-CSIC), E-28040, Madrid, Spain

    D. San Martín (Tenured Scientist) & C. García-Mateo (Tenured Scientist)

  2. Institute for Materials Research, SPEME, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom

    Y. Palizdar (PhD Student), R. C. Cochrane (Professor), R. Brydson (Professor) & A. J. Scott (Academic Research Fellow)

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  1. D. San Martín
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  2. Y. Palizdar
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  3. C. García-Mateo
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  4. R. C. Cochrane
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  5. R. Brydson
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  6. A. J. Scott
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Correspondence to D. San Martín.

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Manuscript submitted June 14, 2010.

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San Martín, D., Palizdar, Y., García-Mateo, C. et al. Influence of Aluminum Alloying and Heating Rate on Austenite Formation in Low Carbon-Manganese Steels. Metall Mater Trans A 42, 2591–2608 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-011-0692-1

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