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Three-Dimensional Characterization of Incipiently Spalled Tantalum

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Abstract

Three-dimensional (3-D) characterization techniques have been applied to quantitatively assess shock-induced damage in an incipiently spalled tantalum plate. A significant sample volume was imaged and volumetrically reconstructed via serial sectioning techniques. An analysis of segmented void damage revealed distributions regarding void size, morphology, spatial variations, and nearest-neighbor distances (NNDs). The latter two distributions highlight the necessity of 3-D data sets to capture the feature statistics. Very limited correlation was observed between void size and clustering tendency. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) was applied to investigate spatial relationships between the damage features and the relative levels of induced plasticity. Large variations in microstructural character were found between different intervoid regions, independent of ligament width. The use of intragranular misorientation deviation (IMD) maps in two and three dimensions reveals surprisingly contiguous and complex plastic linkages not obviously predicted from the void-dominated damage field. Overall, 3-D characterization of shock-damaged material is shown to provide statistics and insight regarding the true damage field unobtainable from two-dimensional (2-D) data sets, and will provide meaningfully improved data for predictive damage models.

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Acknowledgments

Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), an affirmative action/equal opportunity employer, is operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC, for the National Nuclear Security Administration of the United States Department of Energy (DOE) under Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396. The authors thank A.K. Zurek and C.P. Trujillo of the LANL, and W.R. Thissell, formerly of the LANL, for their independent spall research that produced the tantalum sample characterized in this study. T. Slankard from the U. of California at Davis, Institute for Data Analysis and Visualization (IDAV) and the Materials Design Institute at the LANL, is acknowledged for his insights in image segmentation and feature quantification. The baseline 3-D volume grid program, along with appreciated guidance, was supplied by D. Rowenhorst of the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), while G. Spanos of the NRL is thanked for his encouragement to pursue this work. This work was partially sponsored by the Joint DoD/DOE Munitions Technology Development Program.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA

    J. F. Bingert (Technical Staff Member) & B. L. Henrie (Technical Staff Member, Project Manager)

  2. Stanley Associates, Inc., Huntsville, AL, 35805, USA

    B. L. Henrie (Technical Staff Member, Project Manager)

  3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA

    D.L. Worthington (Student)

  4. Materials Design Institute, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, USA

    D.L. Worthington (Student)

Authors
  1. J. F. Bingert
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  2. B. L. Henrie
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  3. D.L. Worthington
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Correspondence to J. F. Bingert.

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Manuscript submitted June 23, 2006.

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Bingert, J.F., Henrie, B.L. & Worthington, D. Three-Dimensional Characterization of Incipiently Spalled Tantalum. Metall Mater Trans A 38, 1712–1721 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-007-9216-4

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