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Petrogenesis of the Mayo-Darley tin formations, anorogenic complex of the Cameroon Line: implication for tin deposit

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Abstract

The Mayo-Darley massif is an anorogenic complex of the Cameroon Line that has a mantle origin. Tin-bearing rocks were analyzed by ICP-AES and INAA analytical methods. The purpose of this work was to provide new geochemical data for the Mayo-Darley tin formation and to understand its petrogenesis and the origin of tin mineralization. The Mayo-Darley tin deposit is made up of tin-granite, and tin-greisen, greisenification was developed on the borders of quartz dykes. These rocks belong to the alkaline series and were classified into acid (SiO2 = 61.6%–73.8%; 65.4%–98% respectively) and basic (42.9%–47% SiO2) rocks. They showed enrichment in HSFE, LILE, Ga/Al and chondrite normalized REE patterns indicating LREE enrichment relative to HREE with a negative Eu anomaly, only sample SB8 of tin-granite showed Eu/Eu* = 1.11. Rocks display metaluminous, peralkaline, peraluminous, ferroan, high-K calc-alkaline to shoshonitic, alkalic to calcic affinity, and crystallized at 800 °C. The chemistry of this deposit reflects the primary composition of granite, quartz monzonite, gabbro, and foid gabbro. This complex experienced multi-stage sub-solidus hydrothermal fluid reactions and shows variable alteration of feldspars alkali mobility. The rocks are classified as A1-type granite, overlap with the OIB field, and were derived from a within-plate setting, similar to mantle non plume-derived magmas. The origin of tin mineralization in Mayo-Darley has a complex evolution, tin mineralization was derived from hydrothermal and hydrogenous metal-rich deposits and shows Sn–Hf–Zr and Sn–Tl–Nb association. These new data confirm the complexity of the Mayo-Darley tin complex and elucidate the origin of tin mineralization.

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Acknowledgements

This study is a part of the second author Msc thesis research work at the University of Buea. This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-proft sectors. We gratefully acknowledge the editors for the handling of the manuscript.

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  1. Department of Geology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon

    Ndema Mbongué Jean Lavenir, Ndongfong Edson Fuh & Emmanuel Eseya Mengu Junior

  2. Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon

    Ndema Mbongué Jean Lavenir

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  2. Ndongfong Edson Fuh
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  3. Emmanuel Eseya Mengu Junior
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Correspondence to Ndema Mbongué Jean Lavenir.

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Lavenir, N.M.J., Fuh, N.E. & Junior, E.E.M. Petrogenesis of the Mayo-Darley tin formations, anorogenic complex of the Cameroon Line: implication for tin deposit. Acta Geochim 42, 704–725 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11631-023-00615-9

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