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Peraluminous granitoids within the Hangloa area, Adamawa-Yadé Domain, Cameroon: Petrogenesis and tectonic implication

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Abstract

Hangloa granitoids form part of the wide range calc-alkaline Pan-African granitic suites within the Adamawa Yade Domain (AYD) in Cameroon. There are several reports on metaluminous granitoids within this domain. The peraluminous suite has been locally reported and their petrogenesis is not fully understood. Petrography and whole-rock geochemistry were used to study the petrogenesis/formation of granitic rocks within this area. The results show that the granitoids are composed of quartzo-feldspathic, made up of granites, monzonites and quartz monzonites which were intruded in the Paleoproterozoic orthogneissic basement. The major and trace element compositions show that they are high-K calc-alkaline to shoshonites, with S-type affinity. The molar ratio A/CNK is > 1.1, while the ratio of CaO + Na2O/Al2O3 is generally < 1 making them strongly peraluminous. The REE shows enrichment in the LREE over the HREE, with (La/Yb)N varying from 11.9 to 53.32, (Dy/Yb)N from 0.77 to 2.13 and moderately negative Eu anomaly ((Eu/Eu*)N range from 0.42 to 0.93). Most granite samples show depletion in P, with CaO/Na2O < 0.3 and Rb/Sr ≤ 1 indicative of clay-poor metapelitic source, while the others show clay-rich metagreywackes sources. The strong peraluminosity, S-type affinity, high Ba/Sr, Ba/Rb and low Rb/Sr indicate they are crustal-derived. The compositional variation might be induced by the partial melting of different source materials followed by fractional crystallization of the granitic magma. The source nature requires fragments of Paleoproterozoic metasedimentary and metaigneous rocks derived from the collision between the north-central Cameroon block and the Congo Craton during the Pan-African.

Article highlights

This study investigates the occurrence of strongly peraluminous granitic rocks within the Hangloa area. The lithologies consist of granites, monzonites and quartz monzonites hosted within orthogneissic basement. The mineralogy show very weak clues in support of their peraluminosity except for the presence of kyanite in some of the granites.

Major elements characteristics shows A/CNK > 1.1, CaO + Na2O/Al2O3 < 1 indicating their high aluminium saturation and upper crustal source. However the presence of mafic enclaves within the granitoids indicates partial mixing with mafic mantle material.

Major oxides correlate negative correlation with significant scattering with SiO2, while LRRE are relatively enriched over the HREE indicating crystal fractionation. However, the scattering suggest internal compositional variations.

The show rock chemical features indicative of multiple sources of magma for the Hangloa granitoids. Granites show CaO/Na2O < 0.3, depleted P and Rb/Sr < 1 indicating a metapelitic source, poor in clay. The monzonites and quartz monzonite are enriched in P with CaO/Na2O > 0.3, Rb/Sr > 1 characteristic of clay-rich sources.

The Y + Nb content versus Rb show that they were derived from a volcanic arc setting common with upper crustal magmas along subduction environments.

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(redrawn from Bernard et al. 2019)

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Acknowledgements

The authors wish to appreciate the financial and technical support received from the Geoscience Laboratories in Toulouse (LGT) France under L’Agence Universitaire de la Francophonie (AUF) project during the analysis of the samples and thin section preparation.

Funding

I declare that no direct funding was obtained for this work. However, technical support was provided in the observation of thin section in the Laboratory of Toulouse, France.

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  1. Institute of Geology and Mining Research, P.O Box 4110, Nlongkak, Yaounde, Cameroon

    Yaya Fodoué, Mero Yannah, Wadjou Jacques Wassouo, Joseph Penaye & Abakar Mahamat

  2. Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Ngaoundere, P.O. Box 454, Ngaoundere, Cameroon

    Rigobert Tchameni & Amadou Diguim Kepnamou

  3. Department of Earth Science, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon

    Emmnuel Nomo Negue

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On behalf of all authors of this work, the corresponding authors hereby declare that this work has received contribution from all authors listed. The fieldwork was done by the corresponding [YF], assisted by WJW, ADK, AM, and ENN and supervised by 4th author RT. First Draft was written by the corresponding author YF and MY. The draft was corrected by RT and JP. The final work was read and approved by all authors.

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Fodoué Y (2015) Étude pétrologigue des formations géologiques de Hangloa (Centre North Cameroon) et variolisation d’un agro minéral (vivianite) dans la fertilisation des sols. Thèse Doctorat Université de Ngaoundéré, Cameroon. Bibliothèque Université de Ngaoundéré (in French), 177 p.

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Fodoué, Y., Yannah, M., Tchameni, R. et al. Peraluminous granitoids within the Hangloa area, Adamawa-Yadé Domain, Cameroon: Petrogenesis and tectonic implication. Acta Geochim 41, 1104–1122 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11631-022-00565-8

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