Abstract
One of the main obstacles for understanding biological events involved in cancer is the lack of experimental models for in vitro studies especially for prostate cancer (PC).There are a limited number of PC cell lines being the majority originated from metastatic tumors mostly acquired from American Tissue Cell Culture which demands importation an expensive and bureaucratic process. Also it is well known that there are ethnic differences between populations concerning the behavior of tumors and the research based on cell lines derived from Brazilians should be interesting. Our aim was to develop tumor cell lines from primary PC.
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11626-009-9249-7/MediaObjects/11626_2009_9249_Fig1_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11626-009-9249-7/MediaObjects/11626_2009_9249_Fig2_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11626-009-9249-7/MediaObjects/11626_2009_9249_Fig3_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11626-009-9249-7/MediaObjects/11626_2009_9249_Fig4_HTML.gif)
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Barile M. F.; Rottem S. Mycoplasmas in cell cultures. In: Kahane I.; Adoni A. (eds) Rapid diagnosis of mycoplasmas. Plenum, New York, pp 155–193; 1993.
Cho K. S.; Lee J. S.; Cho N. H.; Park K.; Ham W. S.; Choi Y. D. Gene amplification and mutation analysis of epidermal growth factor receptor in hormone refractory prostate cancer. Prostate 68: 803–808; 2008.
Delongchamps N. B.; Singh A.; Haas G. P. The role of prevalence in the diagnosis of prostate cancer. Cancer Control 13: 158–168; 2006.
Dirks W. G.; MacLeod R. A. F.; Drexler H. G. ECV304 (endothelial) is really T24 (bladder carcinoma): cell line cross-contamination at source. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 35: 558–559; 1999.
Gartler S. M. Genetic markers as tracers in cell culture. Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 26: 167–195; 1967.
Goldstein N. S. Immunophenotypic characterization of 225 prostate adenocarcinomas with intermediate or high Gleason scores. Am J Clin Pathol 117: 471–477; 2002.
Greenlee R. T.; Hill-Harmon M. B.; Murray T.; Thun M. Cancer statistics. CA Cancer J Clin 51: 15–36; 2001.
Hokaiwado N.; Takeshita F.; Naiki-Ito A.; Asamoto M.; Ochiya T.; Shirai T. Glutathione S-transferase Pi mediates proliferation of androgen-independent prostate cancer cells. Carcinogenesis 29: 1134–1138; 2008.
Horoszewicz J. S.; Leong S. S.; Kawinski E.; Karr J. P.; Rosenthal H.; Chu T. M.; Mirand E. A.; Murphy G. P. LNCaP model of human prostatic carcinoma. Cancer Res 43: 1809–1818; 1983.
Masters J. R. W. Human cancer cell lines: fact and fantasy. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 1: 233–236; 2000.
Kaighn M. E.; Shankar N.; Ohnuki Y.; Lecher F.; Jones L. W. Establishment and characterization of a human prostatic carcinoma cell line (PC-3). Invest Urol 17: 16–23; 1979.
Kogan I.; Goldfinger N.; Milyavsky M.; Cohen M.; Shats I.; Dobler G.; Klocker H.; Wasylyk B.; Voller M.; Aalders T.; Schalken J. A.; Oren M.; Rotter V. hTERT-immortalized prostate epithelial and stromal-derived cells: an authentic in vitro model for differentiation and carcinogenesis. Cancer Res 66: 3531–3540; 2006.
Kuroda K.; Liu H.; Kim S.; Guo M.; Navarro V.; Bander N. H. Docetaxel down-regulates the expression of androgen receptor and prostate-specific antigen but not prostate-specific membrane antigen in prostate cancer cell lines: implications for PSA surrogacy. Prostate 69: 1579–1585; 2009.
Markovic O.; Markovic N. Cell cross-contamination in cell cultures: the silent and neglected danger. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 34: 1–8; 1998.
Masters J. R.; Thomson J. A.; Daly-Burns B.; Reid Y. A.; Dirks W. G.; Packer P. et al. Short tandem repeat profiling provides an international reference standard for human cell lines. Proc Natl Acad Sci 98: 8012–8017; 2001.
Mhawech-Fauceglia P.; Zhang S.; Terracciano L.; Sauter G.; Chadhuri A.; Herrmann F. R.; Penetrante R. Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) protein expression in normal and neoplastic tissues and its sensitivity and specificity in prostate adenocarcinoma: an immunohistochemical study using mutiple tumour tissue microarray technique. Histopathology 50: 472–483; 2007.
Moreira-Leite K.; Mitteldorf C. A. T. S.; Srougi M.; Dalloglio M. F.; Antunes A. A.; Pontes Jr. J.; Camaralopes L. H. Cdx2, Cytokeratin 20, thyroid transcription factor 1, and prostate-specific antigen expression in unusual subtypes of prostate cancer. Ann. Diagn. Pathol. 12: 260–266; 2008.
Oldroyd N. J.; Urquhart A. J.; Kimpton C. P.; Millican E. S.; Watson S. K.; Downes T. et al. A highly discriminating octoplex short tandem repeat polymerase chain reaction system suitable for human individual identification. Electrophoresis 16: 334–337; 1995.
Organization site: National Institute of Cancer (2008). http://www.inca.gov.br/estimativa/2008. Cited 26 Jan 2009.
Parker S. L.; Tong T.; Bolden S.; Wingo P. A. Cancer statistics. CA Cancer J. Clin. 47: 5–27; 1997.
Rooney D. E.; Czepulkowski B. H. Human cytogenetics: a practical approach. J Clin Pathol 40: 359; 1987.
Schwab T. S.; Stewart T.; Lehr J.; Pienta K. J.; Rhim J. S.; Macoska J. Á. Phenotypic characterization of immortalized normal and primary tumor-derived prostate epithelial cell cultures. Prostate 44: 164–171; 2000.
Skacel M.; Ormsby A. H.; Pettay J. D.; Tsiftsakis E. K.; Liou L. S.; KleinEA L. H. S.; Zippe C. D.; Tubbs R. R. Aneusomy of chromosomes 7, 8, and 17 and amplification of HER-2/neu and epidermal growth factor receptor in Gleason score 7 prostate carcinoma: A differential fluorescent in situ hybridization study of Gleason pattern 3 and 4 using tissue microarray. Hum. Pathol. 32: 1392–1397; 2001.
Smith A.; Mowles J. Prevention and control of Mycoplasma infection of cell cultures. In: Tully J. G.; Razin S. (eds) Molecular and diagnostic procedures in mycoplasmology. Academic Press, San Diego, pp 445–451; 1996.
Stone K. R.; Micky D. D.; Wunderli H.; Mickey G. H.; Pailson D. F. Isolation of a human prostate carcinoma cell line (DU145). Int. J. Cancer 21: 274–281; 1978.
Takano T.; Ohe Y.; Sakamoto H.; Tsuta K.; Matsuno Y.; Tateishi U.; Yamamoto S.; Nokihara H.; Yamamoto N.; Sekine I.; Kunitoh H.; Shibata T.; Sakiyama T.; Yoshida T.; Tamura T. Epidermal growth factor receptor gene mutations and increased copy numbers predict gefitinib sensitivity in patients with recurrent non-small-cell lung cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 23: 6829–6837; 2005.
Wang C. Y.; Shi J. D.; Yan C. H.; Wu Q.; Klocker H.; Park I.; Lee C.; Zhang J. Development of a cell-isolation method for human prostatic smooth muscle cells based on cell type-specific activation of the SM22 gene promoter. BJU Int. 99: 183–188; 2007.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Editor: J. Denry Sato
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Piantino, C.B., Sousa-Canavez, J.M., Bellodi-Privato, M. et al. Establishment and characterization of androgen-independent human prostate cancer cell lines, PcBra1, PcBra2, and PcBra3. In Vitro Cell.Dev.Biol.-Animal 46, 123–130 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11626-009-9249-7
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11626-009-9249-7