Abstract
Background
Falls are the leading cause of injury-related deaths in the aging population. Electronic medical record (EMR) systems can identify at-risk patients and enable interventions to decrease risk factors for falls.
Objective
The objectives of this study were to evaluate an EMR-based intervention to reduce overall medication use, psychoactive medication use, and occurrence of falls in an ambulatory elderly population at risk for falls.
Design
Prospective, randomized by clinic site.
Patients/Participants
Six-hundred twenty community-dwelling patients over 70 at risk for falls based on age and medication use.
Interventions
A standardized medication review was conducted and recommendations made to the primary physician via the EMR.
Measurements and Main Results
Patients were contacted to obtain self reports of falls at 3-month intervals over the 15-month period of study. Fall-related diagnoses and medication data were collected through the EMR. A combination of descriptive analyses and multivariate regression models were used to evaluate differences between the 2 groups, adjusting for baseline medication patterns and comorbidities. Although the intervention did not reduce the total number of medications, there was a significant negative relationship between the intervention and the total number of medications started during the intervention period (p < .01, regression estimate −0.199) and the total number of psychoactive medications (p < .05, regression estimate −0.204.) The impact on falls was mixed; with the intervention group 0.38 times as likely to have had 1 or more fall-related diagnosis (p < .01); when data on self-reported falls was included, a nonsignificant reduction in fall risk was seen.
Conclusions
The current study suggests that using an EMR to assess medication use in the elderly may reduce the use of psychoactive medications and falls in a community-dwelling elderly population.
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Acknowledgements
The authors wish to thank the following individuals who contributed to this project: Julia Sim, RN, Donna Hurd, and Louise Hadden. Author Contributions: study concept and design: Valerie Weber and Alan White; acquisition of subjects or data: Valerie Weber, Alan White, and Robb McIlvried; analysis and interpretation of data: Alan White and Valerie Weber; preparation of manuscript: Valerie Weber and Alan White. Sponsors role: The sponsor had an advisory role in the design and methods. Data collection, analysis, and preparation of the paper were carried out independently by the researchers.
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Funding Source: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
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Weber, V., White, A. & McIlvried, R. An Electronic Medical Record (EMR)-Based Intervention to Reduce Polypharmacy and Falls in an Ambulatory Rural Elderly Population. J GEN INTERN MED 23, 399–404 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-007-0482-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-007-0482-z