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Combined electrical resistivity tomography and high-resolution shallow seismic analysis for coal exploration in Talcher Coalfield, India

  • Research Article - Applied Geophysics
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Abstract

Talcher Coalfield is one of the most important coalfields considering thermal grade coal reserves in India; nevertheless, hardly any published geophysical study is available for mapping the subsurface coal, in-crop zone, fault location, formation boundary, etc. In the present study, a combined analysis of electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) in five profiles and high-resolution shallow seismic (HRSS) survey in two profiles was carried out in Goribandh at the northern–eastern part of the Talcher Coalfield, Odisha, India, to study the structural control of coal seams and to delineate the coal potential zone and non-coal zone. Geological core data from three boreholes were utilized to validate the ERT and HRSS results. Three ERT profiles (ERT_P1, ERT_P2, and ERT_P3) data were acquired in perpendicular to the strike direction, and two ERT profiles (ERT_P4 and ERT_P5) data were collected in the strike direction. The purpose of the acquisition of ERT data in the strike direction is to correlate the resistivity values at the cross point of dip lines and strike lines. Two HRSS profiles (HRSS_P1 and HRSS_P2) data were collected along the same two corresponding dip lines of the ERT profiles (ERT_P1 and ERT_P2). The ERT data were collected using Wenner–Schlumberger array at 10 m electrode spacing with multiple roll-along sequences to cover the desired profile length with an approximate profile line spacing of 200 m. The Res2Dinv program was used to execute the inversion of the combined data set. The HRSS data were acquired by ‘End-on-Shooting’ method using 24-fold common depth point survey at 4 m geophone spacing with multiple roll-along sequences to cover the desired profile length with approximate profile line spacing of 200 m, where near trace and far offsets trace were 88 and 276 m, respectively. HRSS data were analyzed using Paradigm 19 seismic processing software. Comprehensive analysis of five numbers of 2D ERT sections (ERT_P1-ERT_P5) and two numbers of HRSS sections (HRSS_P1 and HRSS_P2) indicates that the southern part of the study area is characterized by relatively low to moderate high resistivity (100–500 Ωm) distribution while seismic sections demonstrate multiple strong reflecting horizons, due to carbonaceous beds as identified in the boreholes, indicating Barakar formation. The northern part is characterized by high resistivity (200–1000 Ωm) distribution, while seismic sections exhibit multiple distributed minor reflectors due to boulder beds and or compact sandstone. The combined study of ERT and HRSS data delineates a prominent fault zone F4, indicating a contact boundary between the Talchir and Barakar formations.

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Data availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available on request from the corresponding author. The data are not publicly available due to privacy or ethical restriction.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to the Editorial Team, Acta Geophysica, and both the distinguished reviewers for quick, comprehensive review and thoughtful suggestions toward improvement in the manuscript. The authors sincerely express their gratitude to Shri. Manoj Kumar, Chairman-Cum Managing Director, CMPDIL, Shri S. Nagachari, Director (Coal Resource Development) and Shri. S.K. Gomasta, Ex. Director (Technical), CMPDIL, for providing permission to use the field datasets and publishing the results. Help rendered by Shri. R.K. Singh, General Manager (Exploration), Shri. Ramesh Thiagrajan, General Manager (Geology), Shri Manoj Kumar Sahoo, HoD (Exploration), Shri Nikhil Sinha, Dy. Manager (Geology), and Smt Aparna Kishor, Dy. Manager (Geology). The SKP is thankful to ISRO, Dept. of Space, Govt. of India, for funding project ISRO/RES/630/2016-17; Ministry of Coal Govt. of India for funding project CMPDI/B&PRO/MT-173; and Department of Science and Technology, Govt. of India for funding project nos. SB/S4/ES-640/2012, FST/ES-I/2017/12, DST/TDT/SHRI-16/2021(C &G).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Central Mine Planning and Design Institute Limited (A Subsidiary of Coal India Limited), Bhubaneswar, 751013, India

    Arvind Yadav

  2. Central Mine Planning and Design Institute Limited (A Subsidiary of Coal India Limited), Ranchi, 834008, India

    Thinesh Kumar

  3. Department of Applied Geophysics, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, 826004, India

    Arvind Yadav, Sanjit Kumar Pal &  Shalivahan

  4. Geophysics Division, Northern Region, Geological Survey of India, Lucknow, 226024, India

    Anurag Tripathi

  5. Indian Institute of Petroleum & Energy, Visakhapatnam, 530003, India

    Shalivahan

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  1. Arvind Yadav
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Correspondence to Sanjit Kumar Pal.

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Edited by Assoc. Prof. Dr. Bogdan Mihai Niculescu (ASSOCIATE EDITOR) / Prof. Gabriela Fernández Viejo (CO-EDITOR-IN-CHIEF).

Appendices

Appendix-I

See Fig. 21.

Fig. 21
figure 21

a HRSS_P1 RMS velocity model used for pre-stack time migration, b pre-stack time migrated seismic section (HRSS_P1)

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Appendix-II

See Fig. 22.

Fig. 22
figure 22

a HRSS_P2 RMS velocity model used for pre-stack time migration, b pre-stack time migrated seismic section (HRSS_P2)

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Appendix- III

See Fig. 23.

Fig. 23
figure 23

a HRSS_P1 instantaneous velocity model used for pre-stack depth migration, b pre-stack depth migrated seismic section (HRSS_P1)

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Appendix- IV

See Fig. 24.

Fig. 24
figure 24

a HRSS_P2 instantaneous velocity model used for pre-stack depth migration, b pre-stack depth migrated seismic section (HRSS_P2)

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Yadav, A., Kumar, T., Tripathi, A. et al. Combined electrical resistivity tomography and high-resolution shallow seismic analysis for coal exploration in Talcher Coalfield, India. Acta Geophys. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11600-024-01349-9

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