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Methods, Mechanisms, and Application Prospects for Enhancing Extracellular Vesicle Uptake

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Abstract

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are considered to be a new generation of bioinspired nanoscale drug delivery systems due to their low immunogenicity, natural functionality, and excellent biocompatibility. However, limitations such as low uptake efficiency, insufficient production, and inhomogeneous performance undermine their potential. To address these issues, numerous researchers have put forward various methods and applications for enhancing EV uptake in recent decades. In this review, we introduce various methods for the cellular uptake of EVs and summarize recent advances on the methods and mechanisms for enhancing EV uptake. In addition, we provide further understanding regarding enhancing EV uptake and put forward prospects and challenges for the development of EV-based therapy in the future.

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  1. Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China

    Ying-peng Xu, Tao Jiang, Xiao-fan Yang & Zhen-bing Chen

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  1. Ying-peng Xu
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  2. Tao Jiang
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Correspondence to Xiao-fan Yang or Zhen-bing Chen.

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The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest with any financial organization or corporation or individual that can inappropriately influence this work.

Author Zhen-bing CHEN is a member of the Editorial Board for Current Medical Science. The paper was handled by the other editors and has undergone rigorous peer review process. Author Zhen-bing CHEN was not involved in the journal’s review of, or decisions related to, this manuscript.

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This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 82370838 and No. 82172221).

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Xu, Yp., Jiang, T., Yang, Xf. et al. Methods, Mechanisms, and Application Prospects for Enhancing Extracellular Vesicle Uptake. CURR MED SCI 44, 247–260 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11596-024-2861-7

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