Abstract
A series of composites as electrode materials for supercapacitors were prepared via incipient wetness impregnation method utilizing ordered mesoporous carbon (OMC) and tin (IV) oxide (SnO2) with different ratio. The structure and electrochemical properties of the OMC/SnO2 composites were characterized by XRD, TEM and cyclic voltammetry (CV). Pore characteristics were measured by nitrogen adsorption and desorption isotherms. The results show that the structure and electrochemical properties of the composites depend mainly on the loading amount of SnO2 in the ordered mesoporous carbon. The optimum amount of SnCl4 added is found to be 40 % (1.54 g ethanol-based SnCl4·5H2O added to 1 g OMC) of the saturated solution. The specific capacitance of the composite of optimum amount of SnCl4 (200 F g−1) is nearly three times of that of the pristine SnO2 (72 F g−1) at the scan rate of 5 mV s−1, and its specific capacitance is almost equal to that of the ordered mesoporous carbon (126 F g−1) at the scan rate of 200 mV s−1. Meanwhile, it has better specific volumetric energy density than OMC due to its higher density. Besides, in the potential range of 0–0.9 V the composite electrode material exhibits a stable cycle life after 500 cycles.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
B E Conway. Electrochemical Supercapacitors, Scientific Fundamentals and Technological Applications [M].New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, 1997
E Frackowiak, F Béguin. Carbon Materials for the Electrochemical Storage of Energy in Capacitors [J]. Carbon, 2001, 39: 937–950
B E Conway. Transition from Supercapacitor to Battery Behavior in Electrochemical Energy Storage [J]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 1991, 138: 1 539–1 540
W Xing, S Z Qiao, R G Ding, et al. Superior Electric Double Layer Capacitors Using Ordered Mesoporous Carbons [J]. Carbon, 2006, 44: 216–224
C V Guterl, S Saadallah, K Jurewicz. Supercapacitor Electrodes from New Ordered Porous Carbon Materials Obtained by a Ttemplating Procedure [J]. Materials Science and Engineering B, 2004, 108: 148–155
H S Zhou, S M Zhu, M Hibino, et al. Electrochemical Capacitance of Self-ordered Mesoporous Carbon [J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2003, 122: 219–223
L X Li, H H Song, X H Chen. Pore Characteristics and Electrochemical Performance of Ordered Mesoporous Carbons for Electric Double-layer Capacitors [J]. Electrochimica Acta, 2006, 51: 5 715–5 720
R R Jiang, T Huang, J H Zhuang. A Novel Method to Prepare Nanostructured Manganese Dioxide and Its Electrochemical Properties as a Supercapacitor Electrode [J]. Electrochimica Acta, 2009, 54: 3 047–3 052
Y Zhang, Y H Gui, X B Wu, et al. Preparation of Nanostructures NiO and Their Electrochemical Capacitive Behaviors [J]. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2009, 34: 2 467–2 470
V R Shinde, S B Mahadik, T P Gujar, et al. Supercapacitive Cobalt Oxide Thin Films by Spray Pyrolysis [J]. Applied Surface Science, 2006, 252: 7 487–7 492
X Q Shen, J X Zhou, M X Jing, et al. Nanosized Nickel Oxides Derived from the Citrate Gel Process and Performances for Electrochemical Capacitors [J]. Journal of Wuhan University of Technology — Materials Science Edition, 2007, 22(2): 179–182
C O Park, S A Akbar.Ceramics for Chemical Sensors [J]. Journal of Materials Science, 2003, 38: 4 611–4 612
C Nasr, S Hotchandani, P V Kamat. Role of Iodide in Photoelectrochemical Solar Cells Electron Transfer Between Iodide Ions and Ruthenium Polypyridyl Complex Anchored on Nanocrystalline SiO2 and SnO2 Films [J]. Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 1998, 102: 10 047–10 048
S W Hwang, S H Hyun. Synthesis and Characterization of Tin Oxide/carbon Aerogel Composite Electrodes for Electrochemical Supercapacitors [J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2007, 172: 451–459
M Jayalakshmi, M M Rao, N Venugopal, et al. Hydrothermal Synthesis of SnO2-V2O5 Mixed Oxide and Electrochemical Screening of Carbon Nano-tubes (CNT), V2O5, V2O5-CNT, and SnO2-V2O5-CNT Electrodes for Supercapacitor Applications [J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2007, 166: 578–579
J Zhu, B Y Tay, J Ma. Synthesis of Mesoporous Tin Oxide on Neutral Surfactant Templates [J]. Journal of Materials Letters, 2006, 60: 1 003–1 010
H Uchida, N Mehul, R Patel, et al.Highly Ordered Mesoporous Titania Thin Films Prepared via Surfactant Assembly on Conductive Indium-tin-oxide/glass Substrate and Its Optical Properties [J].Thin Solid Films, 2010. 518(12): 3 169–3 176
H Che, S Han, W Hou, et al. Ordered Mesoporous Tin Oxide with Crystalline Pore Walls: Preparation and Thermal Stability [J]. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 2010, 130(1–3): 1–6
D Y Zhao, Q S Huo, J L Feng, et al. Nonionic Triblock and Star Diblock Copolymer and Oligomeric Surfactant Syntheses of Highly Ordered, Hydrothermally Stable, Mesoporous Silica Structures [J]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 1998, 120: 6 024–6 036
M Kruk, M Jaroniec, R Ryoo, et al. Synthesis and Characterization of Hexagonally Ordered Carbon Nanopipes [J].Journal of the Electrochemical Society,2003,15(14): 2 815–2 823
A H Lu, W C Li, W Schmidt, et al. Easy Synthesis of an Ordered Mesoporous Carbon with a Hexagonally Packed Tubular Structure [J]. Carbon, 2004, 42: 2 939–2 948
S C Nam, Y C Yoon, W I Cho, et al. Enhancement of Thin Film Tin Oxide Negative Electrodes for Lithium Batteries [J]. Electrochemistry Communications, 2001, 3(1): 6–10
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Funded by Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (No.0952nm02500)
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Liu, P., Tang, B., Zhao, J. et al. Ordered mesoporous carbon/SnO2 composites as the electrode material for supercapacitors. J. Wuhan Univ. Technol.-Mat. Sci. Edit. 26, 407–411 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11595-011-0239-8
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11595-011-0239-8