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Silver nanoparticle–incorporated over-oxidized poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-based electrochemical sensor for selective determination of riboflavin

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Abstract

This study presents the development of a selective sensor for the electrochemical determination of riboflavin. In the first step, electropolymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) was carried out on the pencil graphite electrode to prepare the modified electrode (PEDOT/PGE). In the second step, we prepared over-oxidized poly(3,4-ethylene-dioxythiophene) pencil graphite electrode (OOPEDOT/PGE) by chronoamperometry method in pH 7.0 phosphate buffer solution. In the final step, silver nanoparticles were deposited on the OOPEDOT/PGE by chronoamperometry. The sensitivity of the developed AgNp/OOPEDOT/PGE sensor to riboflavin has been improved. Cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to characterize the sensor. The surface morphology of the sensor was examined using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The limit of detection (LOD) value was determined to be 0.51 µmol L−1 and a linear range of 0.8 and 80 µmol L−1 using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The sensor demonstrated excellent resistance to interference from dopamine (DA), glucose (G), uric acid (UA), and lactate (LA). The study investigated the applicability of the constructed sensor to real samples and achieved good recovery values. The results indicate that the modified electrode is suitable for riboflavin determination applications.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Yildiz Technical University, TR34220, Istanbul, Turkey

    Merve Yalcin Acikalin, Ebrar Dokur, Selen Uruc, Ozge Gorduk & Yucel Sahin

  2. Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Biruni University, Istanbul, Turkey

    Selen Uruc

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  1. Merve Yalcin Acikalin
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  5. Yucel Sahin
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Contributions

Conceptualization is performed by O.G. and Y.S. All authors contributed to the study’s writing review and editing. Experiments, data collection, and analysis were performed by M.Y.A., S.U., E.D., and O.G. The first draft of the manuscript was written by M.Y.A., S.U., E.D., O.G., and Y.S. and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Yucel Sahin.

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Acikalin, M.Y., Dokur, E., Uruc, S. et al. Silver nanoparticle–incorporated over-oxidized poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-based electrochemical sensor for selective determination of riboflavin. Ionics (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-024-05583-5

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