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High-performance lithium-ion batteries with gel polymer electrolyte based on ultra-thin PVDF film

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Abstract

Both reducing the liquid electrolyte and solid electrolyte have been acting as novelty strategy for commercial lithium-ion batteries avoiding safety problems such as fires and explosion which is mostly caused by the liquid organic electrolyte flammability. However, reducing the liquid electrolyte leads to capacity loss and energy fade of batteries. Here, we synthesized ultra-thin film of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)-based gel polymer electrolyte (GPE), which also act as the separator, with trace amount electrolyte solution as a whole system to explore the optimized balance between safety and capacity of these new batteries. Both battery rate performance and cyclic stability are significantly improved when the thickness of the polymer electrolytes decrease to 20 μm. Furthermore, the batteries exhibit excellent cyclic stability when a minimum of 5 μl liquid electrolytes was added to the surface of the thin PVDF film (110.9 mAh·g−1 with a capacity retention of 78.6% at 0.5C after 150 cycles). It should be noted that the maximum discharge-specific capacity and discharge-specific capacity after 150 cycles of 5 μl-LFP/GPE-20/GC cell is 1.29 and 1.44 times larger than that of commercial cells. All the experiment results above might provide an optimization technical route and process for real applications in future lithium-ion batteries.

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Acknowledgements

Sample synthesis, regular sample characterization, and electrochemical performance tests were carried out at the Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology (CIGIT).

All authors acknowledge the support from Chongqing Natural Science Foundation (Grant Nos. cstc2021jcyj-msxmX1015), Key Field Science and Technology Breakthrough Plan Project of Science and Technology Bureau of BINGTUAN (No. 2021AB026), and Chongqing Talent, Innovation, and Entrepreneurship Leading Talent Project (No. CQYC20210301363).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, People’s Republic of China

    Tianze Shi, Shuai Kang, Kun Zhang, Fengjuan Xue & Wenqiang Lu

  2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People’s Republic of China

    Tianze Shi, Shuai Kang & Wenqiang Lu

  3. Key Laboratory of In-Fiber Integrated Optics, Ministry Education of China, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, 150001, People’s Republic of China

    Kun Zhang

  4. Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People’s Republic of China

    Fengjuan Xue

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  1. Tianze Shi
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Correspondence to Wenqiang Lu.

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Shi, T., Kang, S., Zhang, K. et al. High-performance lithium-ion batteries with gel polymer electrolyte based on ultra-thin PVDF film. Ionics 28, 3269–3276 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-022-04588-2

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