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Synthesis and electrochemical performance of LiV3O8/graphene for aqueous lithium batteries

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Abstract

The effect of different calcination temperatures had been successfully analyzed on the LiV3O8 nanorods that were synthesized through the sol-gel method under the thermal, structural, and morphological characterizations. The thermal analysis had revealed the calcination at 400 °C to be enough for removing all the residual solvents from the sol-gel, while phase and Rietveld analyses had shown pure LiV3O8 to be successfully attained at a calcination temperature of 500 °C. The morphological observation had also indicated high calcination temperatures as inducing large-sized LiV3O8 nanorods. LiV3O8 was then mixed with graphene and evaluated by electrochemical analysis. The best electrochemical performance was with graphene content at 15 wt.%. At low cyclic voltammetry (CV) scan rates of 0.1 mV s−1, two pairs of redox peaks at ESCE = − 0.42/− 0.40 V and − 0.22/− 0.27 V were observed and consistent with Li+ diffusion coefficients at 1.910 × 10−14 cm2 s−1 (anodic) and 1.123 × 10−14 cm2 s−1 (cathodic). For specific capacity, it demonstrated a higher initial specific capacity (90.0 mAhg−1) on LiV3O8/graphene. The post-structural and morphological analyses on the anode after different CV cycles clearly provide in-depth information on the influence of the graphene addition.

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Acknowledgements

N.N.M.Z would like to thank the Ministry of Higher Education for its MyBrain15 sponsorship.

Funding

The USM-RUI 1010/PBAHAN/8014046 provided financial support for this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal, 14300, Penang, Malaysia

    Nurul Nadia Mohd Zorkipli, Muhamad Zamri Yahaya, Nor Azmira Salleh & Ahmad Azmin Mohamad

  2. Department of Chemical Engineering, Sebelas Maret University, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta, Central Java, 57126, Indonesia

    Agus Purwanto

  3. Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand

    Soorathep Kheawhom

  4. School of Chemical Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor, 11800, Penang, Malaysia

    Noor Haida Mohd Kaus

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  1. Nurul Nadia Mohd Zorkipli
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Zorkipli, N.N.M., Yahaya, M.Z., Salleh, N.A. et al. Synthesis and electrochemical performance of LiV3O8/graphene for aqueous lithium batteries. Ionics 26, 2277–2292 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-019-03303-y

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