Abstract
A simple one-step solid state reaction way of preparing nanosized LiMn2O4 powders with high-rate properties is investigated. Oxalic acid is used as a functional material to lose volatile gases during the process of calcining in order to control the morphology and change the particle size of materials. The results of X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy show that particle size of materials decreases with the increase of the oxalic acid content. The electrochemical test results indicate that optimal LiMn2O4 particles (S0.5) is synthesized when the molar ratios of oxalic acid and total Mn source are 0.5:1. It also manifests that LiMn2O4 sample with middle size has the optimal electrochemical performance among five samples instead of the smallest LiMn2O4 sample. The obtained sample S0.5 with middle size exhibits a high initial discharge capacity of 125.8 mAh g−1 at 0.2C and 91.4% capacity retention over 100 cycles at 0.5C, superior to any one of other samples. In addition, when cycling at the high rate of 10C, the optimal S0.5 in this work could still reach a discharge capacity of 80.8 mAh g−1. This observation can be addressed to the fact that the middle size particles balance the contradictory of diffusion length in solid phase and particle agglomeration, which leads to perfect contacts with the conductive additive, considerable apparent Li-ion diffusion rate, and the optimal performance of S0.5.
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This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21406100 and 51502124) and the Foundation for Innovation Groups of Basic Research in Gansu Province (No. 1606RJIA322).
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Li, S., Lei, D., Xue, Y. et al. One-step solid-state synthesis of nanosized LiMn2O4 cathode material with power properties. Ionics 23, 1979–1984 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-017-2060-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-017-2060-7