Armbrüster, Thomas, und Diether Gebert. 2002. Uncharted Territories of Organizational Research: The Case of Karl Popper’s Open Society and Its Enemies. Organization Studies 23:169–188.
Article
Google Scholar
Aurora, Val. 2002. HOWTO encourage women in Linux. http://tldp.org/HOWTO/Encourage-Women-Linux-HOWTO (Zugegriffen: 10. Juni 2021).
Benkler, Yochai. 2002. Coase’s Penguin, or, Linux and “The Nature of the Firm”. The Yale Law Journal 112:369–446.
Article
Google Scholar
Benkler, Yochai. 2006. The Wealth of Networks. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Google Scholar
Bohn, Cornelia. 2006. Inklusion, Exklusion und die Person. Konstanz: UVK Verlagsgesellschaft.
Google Scholar
van den Brink, Marieke, Yvonne Benschop und Willy Jansen. 2010. Transparency in academic recruitment: a problematic tool for gender equality? Organization Studies 31:1459–1483.
Article
Google Scholar
Bruns, Axel. 2018. Gatewatching and news curation: Journalism, social media, and the public sphere. New York: Peter Lang Publishing.
Book
Google Scholar
Bullinger, Angelika C., Anne-Katrin Neyer, Matthias Rass und Kathrin M. Moeslein. 2010. Community-based innovation contests: Where competition meets cooperation. creativity and innovation management 19:290–303.
Article
Google Scholar
Bunge, Mario. 1996. The seven pillars of Popper’s social philosophy. Philosophy of the Social Sciences 26:538–556.
Article
Google Scholar
Butler, Judith. 1993. Kontingente Grundlagen: Der Feminismus und die Frage der »Postmoderne«. In Der Streit um die Differenz. Feminismus und Postmoderne in der Gegenwart, Hrsg. Seyla Benhabib, Judith Butler, Drucilla Cornell und Nancy Fraser, 31–58. Frankfurt a. M.: Fischer Taschenbuch Verlag.
Google Scholar
Butler, Judith. 2001. Psyche der Macht. Das Subjekt der Unterwerfung. Frankfurt a. M.: Suhrkamp.
Google Scholar
Butler, Brian, Elisabeth Joyce und Jacqueline Pike. 2008. Don’t look now, but we’ve created a bureaucracy: the nature and roles of policies and rules in wikipedia. Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 1101–1110.
Chapter
Google Scholar
Chesbrough, Henry W. 2006. Open innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Press.
Google Scholar
Chesbrough, Henry W., und Melissa M. Appleyard. 2007. Open Innovation and Strategy. California Management Review 50:57–76.
Article
Google Scholar
Conole, Grainne, und Mark Brown. 2018. Reflecting on the Impact of the Open Education Movement. Journal of Learning for Development 5:187–203.
Google Scholar
Dabbish, Laura, Colleen Stuart, Jason Tsay und Jim Herbsleb. 2012. Social coding in GitHub: transparency and collaboration in an open software repository. In Proceedings of the ACM 2012 conference on computer supported cooperative work, 1277–1286.
Chapter
Google Scholar
Dahrendorf, Ralf. 1959. Class and Class Conflict in Industrial Society. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
Google Scholar
Dawes, Simon. 2016. Introduction to Michel Maffesoli’s ‘from Society to Tribal Communities’. The Sociological Review 64:734–738.
Article
Google Scholar
Derrida, Jacques. 1998. Archive Fever: A Freudian Impression. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Google Scholar
Dobusch, Laura. 2015. Diversity Limited – Inklusion, Exklusion und Grenzziehungen mittels Praktiken des Diversity Management. Wiesbaden: Springer VS.
Google Scholar
Dobusch, Laura, und Leonhard Dobusch. 2019. The Relation between Openness and Closure in Open Strategy: Programmatic and Constitutive Approaches to Openness. In Cambridge Handbook on Open Strategy. Forms, Perspectives and Challenges, Hrsg. David Seidl, Georg von Krogh und Richard Whittington, 330–340. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Google Scholar
Dobusch, Leonhard, und Jakob Kapeller. 2018. Open strategy-making with crowds and communities: Comparing Wikimedia and Creative Commons. Long Range Planning 51:561–579.
Article
Google Scholar
Dobusch, Leonhard, und Sigrid Quack. 2011. Interorganisationale Netzwerke und digitale Gemeinschaften. In Organisation und Umwelt, Hrsg. Peter Conrad und Jörg Sydow, 171–213. Wiesbaden: Gabler Verlag.
Chapter
Google Scholar
Dobusch, Leonhard, und Dennis Schoeneborn. 2015. Fluidity, identity, and organizationality: The communicative constitution of Anonymous. Journal of Management Studies 52:1005–1035.
Article
Google Scholar
Dobusch, Laura, Leonhard Dobusch und Gordon Müller-Seitz. 2019. Closing for the Benefit of Openness? The Case of Wikimedia’s Open Strategy Process. Organization Studies 40:343–370.
Article
Google Scholar
Dobusch, Leonhard. 2013. Algorithm Regulation #4: Algorithm as a Practice. https://governancexborders.com/2013/01/14/algorithm-regulation-4-algorithm-as-a-practice./ (Zugegriffen: 10. Juni 2021).
Dobusch, Leonhard. 2017. Die Organisation der Digitalität: Zwischen grenzenloser Offenheit und offener Exklusion. Antrittsvorlesung. https://netzpolitik.org/2017/die-organisation-der-digitalitaet-zwischen-grenzenloser-offenheit-und-offener-exklusion/ (Zugegriffen: 10. Juni 2021).
Dolata, Ulrich, und Jan-Felix Schrape. 2014. Kollektives Handeln im Internet. Eine akteurtheoretische Fundierung. Berliner Journal für Soziologie 24:5–30.
Article
Google Scholar
Dolata, Ulrich, und Jan-Felix Schrape. 2013. Zwischen Individuum und Organisation: Neue kollektive Akteure und Handlungskonstellationen im Internet. No. 2013–02. SOI Discussion Paper. https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0168-ssoar-360961 (Zugegriffen: 10. Juni 2021).
Dyson, Esther, George Gilder, George Keyworth und Alvin Toffler. 1994. Cyberspace and the American Dream: A Magna Carta for the Knowledge Age (Release 1.2, August 22, 1994). http://www.pff.org/issues-pubs/futureinsights/fi1.2magnacarta.html (Zugegriffen: 6. Juni 2021).
Eckert, Stine, und Linda Steiner. 2013. (Re)triggering backlash: Responses to news about Wikipedia’s gender gap. Journal of Communication Inquiry 37:284–303.
Article
Google Scholar
Eisenhardt, Kathleen M. und Melissa E. Graebner. 2007. Theory building from cases: Opportunities and challenges. Academy of Management Journal 50:25–32.
Article
Google Scholar
Farzin, Sina. 2006. Inklusion – Exklusion. Entwicklungen und Probleme einer systemtheoretischen Unterscheidung. Bielefeld: transcript Verlag.
Book
Google Scholar
Farzin, Sina, Sven Opitz und Urs Stäheli (Hrsg.). 2008. Inklusion/Exklusion: Rhetorik – Körper – Macht. Soziale Systeme 14.
Fecher, Benedikt, und Sascha Friesike. 2014. Open Science: One Term, Five Schools of Thought. In Opening Science, Hrsg. Sönke Bartling und Sascha Friesike, 17–47. Springer, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00026-8.
Chapter
Google Scholar
Fenster, Mark. 2015. Transparency in search of a theory. European Journal of Social Theory, 18:150–167.
Article
Google Scholar
Fiesler, Casey, Jialun “Aaron” Jiang, Joshua McCann, Kyle Frye und Jed R. Brubaker. 2018. Reddit Rules! Characterizing an Ecosystem of Governance. Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media, 12(1).
Google Scholar
Flinn, Andrew, und Harriet Jones (Hrsg.). 2009. Freedom of Information. Open Access, Empty Archives? New York: Routledge.
Google Scholar
Flöck, Fabian, Denny Vrandečić und Elena Simperl. 2011. Towards a diversity-minded Wikipedia. Proceedings of the 3rd International Web Science Conference 1‑8.
Google Scholar
Franzoni, Chiara, und Henry Sauermann. 2014. Crowd science: The organization of scientific research in open collaborative projects. Research Policy 43:1–20.
Article
Google Scholar
Github. 2017. Open Source Survey. https://opensourcesurvey.org/2017/ (Zugegriffen: 18. Juni 2021).
Graham, Mark, Ralph K. Straumann und Bernie Hogan. 2015. Digital Divisions of Labor and Informational Magnetism: Mapping Participation in Wikipedia. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 105:1158–1178.
Article
Google Scholar
Grothe-Hammer, Michael. 2019. Membership or contributorship? Managing the Inclusion of Individuals into Organizations. In Organization Outside Organizations: The Abundance of Partial Organization in Social Life, Hrsg. Göran Ahrne und Nils Brunsson, 84–112. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Chapter
Google Scholar
Hall Jamieson, Kathleen, und Joseph N. Cappella. Echo Chamber: Rush Limbaugh and the Conservative Media Establishment. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Hautz, Julia, David Seidl und Richard Whittington. 2017. Open strategy: Dimensions, Dilemmas, Dynamics. Long Range Planning 50:298–309.
Article
Google Scholar
Heimstädt, Max, und Leonhard Dobusch. 2018a. Paradoxes of Openness as a Strategy: Open Data in New York, London, and Berlin. Academy of Management Proceedings 2018:16629.
Article
Google Scholar
Heimstädt, Max, und Leonhard Dobusch. 2018b. Politics of disclosure: Organizational transparency as multi-actor negotiation. Public Administration Review 78:727–738.
Article
Google Scholar
Heimstädt, Max. 2017. Open(ing up) data: A study on the creation of openness as an institution. Dissertation, Freie Universität Berlin.
Herman, Edward S., und Noam Chomsky. 2002. Manufacturing Consent: The Political Economy of the Mass Media. New York: Pantheon Books.
Google Scholar
Hern, Alex. 2014. New York taxi details can be extracted from anonymised data, researchers say. https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2014/jun/27/new-york-taxi-details-anonymised-data-researchers-warn (Zugegriffen: 17. September 2021).
Herzog, Benno. 2013. Ausschluss im (?) Diskurs. Diskursive Exklusion und die neuere soziologische Diskursforschung. Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung/Forum: Qualitative Social Research 14:1–54.
Google Scholar
Hill, Benjamin. M., und Aaron Shaw. 2013. The Wikipedia gender gap revisited: Characterizing survey response bias with propensity score estimation. PloS ONE 8:e65782. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065782.
Article
Google Scholar
von Hippel, Eric, und Georg von Krogh, G. 2003. Open Source Software and the “Private-Collective” Innovation Model: Issues for Organization Science. Organization Science 14:209–223.
Article
Google Scholar
Hughes, Emma. 2019. The painstaking craft of Reddit’s r/relationships moderators. https://www.wired.co.uk/article/reddit-r-relationships-love-subreddit (Zugegriffen: 18. September 2021).
Janssen, Marijn, Yannis Charalabidis und Anneke Zuiderwijk. 2012. Benefits, Adoption Barriers and Myths of Open Data and Open Government. Information Systems Management 29:258–268.
Article
Google Scholar
Kelly, Erin, und Frank Dobbin. 1998. How Affirmative Action Became Diversity Management. Employer Response to Antidiscrimination Law, 1961 to 1996. American Behavioral Scientist 41:960–984.
Article
Google Scholar
King, Jamie. 2006. Openness and Its Discontents. In Reformatting Politics: Information Technology and Global Civil Society, Hrsg. Jodi Dean, Jon W. Anderson und Geert Lovink, 43–54. New York: Routledge.
Google Scholar
Kornberger, Martin, Renate E. Meyer, Christof Brandtner und Markus A. Höllerer. 2017. When bureaucracy meets the crowd: Studying “open government” in the Vienna City Administration. Organization Studies 38:179–200.
Article
Google Scholar
Leisering, Lutz. 2004. Desillusionierungen des modernen Fortschrittglaubens. In Differenzierung und soziale Ungleichheit. Die zwei Soziologien und ihre Verknüpfung, Hrsg. Thomas Schwinn, 238–268. Frankfurt a. M.: Humanities Online.
Google Scholar
Leonardi, Paul M. 2011. When Flexible Routines Meet Flexible Technologies: Affordance, Constraint, and the Imbrication of Human and Material Agencies. Management Information Systems Quarterly 35:147–167.
Article
Google Scholar
Lin, Ying. 2021. 10 Reddit Statistics Every Marketer should know in 2021. Oberlo, https://www.oberlo.com/blog/reddit-statistics (Zugegriffen: 06. Dezember 2021).
Luhmann, Niklas. 1995. Inklusion und Exklusion. In Soziologische Aufklärung 6. Die Soziologie und der Mensch, Hrsg. Niklas Luhmann, 237–264. Opladen: Westdeutscher Verlag.
Google Scholar
Maffesoli, Michel. 1996. The time of the tribes: The decline of individualism in mass society. London: Sage Publications.
Google Scholar
Malinen, Sanna. 2015. Understanding user participation in online communities: A systematic literature review of empirical studies. Computers in Human Behavior 46:228–238.
Article
Google Scholar
Massanari, Adrienne. 2020. Reddit’s Alt-Right: Toxic Masculinity, Free Speech, and /r/The_Donald. In Fake News. Understanding Media and Misinformation in the Digital Age, Hrsg. Melissa Zimdars und Kembrew McLeod, 179–190. Cambridge/London: MIT Press.
Google Scholar
Mateos-Garcia, Juan, und Edward W. Steinmueller. 2008. The institutions of open source software: Examining the Debian community. Information Economics and Policy 20:333–344.
Article
Google Scholar
Miquel-Ribé, Marc, und David Laniado. 2020. The Wikipedia Diversity Observatory: A Project to Identify and Bridge Content Gaps in Wikipedia. Proceedings of the 16th International Symposium on Open Collaboration 1‑4.
Google Scholar
Nadegger, Monica. 2019. The role of non-human actors in the constitution of the collective identity of the #wirsindmehr protests in Germany. Paper presented at the 35th EGOS Colloquium in Edinburgh.
Google Scholar
Nassehi, Armin. 2004. Inklusion, Exklusion, Ungleichheit. Eine kleine theoretische Skizze. In Differenzierung und soziale Ungleichheit. Die zwei Soziologien und ihre Verknüpfung, Hrsg. Thomas Schwinn, 323–352. Frankfurt a. M.: Humanities Online.
Google Scholar
Nassehi, Armin. 2008. Exklusion als soziologischer oder sozialpolitischer Begriff? In Exklusion. Die Debatte über die »Überflüssigen«, Hrsg. Heinz Bude und Andreas Willisch, 121–130. Frankfurt a. M.: Suhrkamp.
Google Scholar
Noble, Safiya U. 2018. Algorithms of oppression: How search engines reinforce racism. New York: NYU Press.
Book
Google Scholar
Pariser, Eli. 2011. The filter bubble: How the new personalized web is changing what we read and how we think. London: Penguin.
Google Scholar
Partridge, Stephanie. R., Patrick Gallagher, Becky Freeman und Robyn Gallagher. 2018. Facebook groups for the Management of Chronic Diseases. Journal of Medical Internet Research 20:e21.
Article
Google Scholar
Popper, Karl R. 2003. Die offene Gesellschaft und ihre Feinde. Band II: Falsche Propheten: Hegel, Marx und die Folgen. Mohr Siebeck.
Google Scholar
Pörksen, Bernhard. 2018. Die große Gereiztheit: Wege aus der kollektiven Erregung. München: Carl Hanser Verlag.
Book
Google Scholar
Raveendran, Marlo, Phanisch Puranam und Massimo Warglien. 2021. Division of labor through self-selection. Organization Science, https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2021.1449.
Article
Google Scholar
Raymond, Eric S. 2001. The Cathedral and the Bazaar. Musings on Linux and Open-Source by an Accidental Revolutionary, Revised Edition. Beijing et al.: O’Reilly & Associates.
Google Scholar
Reagle, Joseph. 2012. “Free as in sexist?” Free culture and the gender gap. First Monday. https://doi.org/10.5210/fm.v18i1.4291 (Zugegriffen: 10. Juni 2021).
Article
Google Scholar
Riehle, Dirk. 2007. The Economic Motivation of Open Source Software: Stakeholder perspectives. Computer 40:25–32.
Article
Google Scholar
Robertson, Adi. 2015. Was Reddit always about free speech? Yes, and no. https://www.theverge.com/2015/7/15/8964995/reddit-free-speech-history (Zugegriffen: 18. September 2021).
Sabatier, Paul A., und Christopher M. Weible. 2019. The advocacy coalition framework: Innovations and clarifications. In Theories of the Policy Process, Hrsg. Paul A. Sabatier, 189–220. New York: Routledge.
Chapter
Google Scholar
Schor, Juliet B., und William Attwood-Charles. 2017. The “sharing” economy: labor, inequality, and social connection on for-profit platforms. Sociology Compass 11:e12493.
Article
Google Scholar
Seemann, Michael. 2021. Die Macht der Plattformen: Politik in Zeiten der Internetgiganten. Berlin: Ch.Links Verlag.
Google Scholar
Seemann, Michael. 2017. Digitaler Tribalismus und Fake News, https://www.ctrl-verlust.net/digitaler-tribalismus-und-fake-news/ (Zugegriffen: 29. Mai 2021).
Sen, Ravi, Chandrasekar Subramaniam und Matthew L. Nelson. 2011. Open source software licenses: Strong-copyleft, non-copyleft, or somewhere in between? Decision Support Systems 52:199–206.
Article
Google Scholar
Singer, Philipp, Fabian Flöck, Clemens Meinhart, Elias Zeitfogel und Markus Strohmaier. 2014. Evolution of Reddit: From the Front Page of the Internet to a Self-referential Community? Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on World Wide Web 517–522.
Chapter
Google Scholar
Sowles, Shaina. J., Monique McLeary, Allison Optican, Elizabeth Cahn, Melissa J. Krauss, Ellen E. Fitzsimmons-Craft, Denise E. Wifley und Patricia A. Cavazos-Rehg. 2018. A content analysis of an online pro-eating disorder community on Reddit. Body Image 24:137–144.
Article
Google Scholar
Stäheli, Urs. 2000. Poststrukturalistische Soziologien. Bielefeld: transcript Verlag.
Book
Google Scholar
Stalder, Felix. 2016. Kultur der Digitalität. Frankfurt a. M.: Suhrkamp.
Google Scholar
Stark, Birgit, Melanie Magin und Pascal Jürgens. 2019. Maßlos überschätzt. Ein Überblick über theoretische Annahmen und empirische Befunde zu Filterblasen und Echokammern. In Digitaler Strukturwandel der Öffentlichkeit: Historische Verortung, Modelle und Konsequenzen, Hrsg. Mark Eisenegger, Marlis Prinzing, Patrik Ettinger und Roger Blum, 303–321. Wiesbaden: Springer VS.
Google Scholar
Stieger, Daniel, Kurt Matzler, Sayan Chatterjee und Florian Ladstaetter-Fussenegger. 2012. Democratizing strategy: How crowdsourcing can be used for strategy dialogues. California Management Review 54:44–68.
Article
Google Scholar
Tiffany, Kaitlyn. 2019. Inside R/Relationships, the Unbearably Human Corner of Reddit. https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2019/10/reddit-moderation-relationships-subreddit-memes/600322/ (Zugegriffen: 18. September 2021).
Tkacz, Nathaniel. 2012. From open source to open government: A critique of open politics. Ephemera 12:386–405.
Google Scholar
Tkacz, Nathaniel. 2015. Wikipedia and the Politics of Openness. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Google Scholar
Trott, Paul, und Dap A. P. Hartmann. 2009. Why ‘Open Innovation’ is Old Wine in New Bottles. International Journal of Innovation Management 13:715–736.
Article
Google Scholar
Verbeek, Stijn, und Sandra Groeneveld. 2012. Do “hard” diversity policies increase ethnic minority representation? An assessment of their (in)effectiveness using administrative data. Personnel Review 41:647–664.
Article
Google Scholar
Wagner, Claudia, Eduardo Graells-Garrido, David Garcia und Filippo Menczer. 2016. Women through the glass ceiling: gender asymmetries in Wikipedia. EPJ Data Science 5:1–24.
Article
Google Scholar
Waldemarson, Ylva. 2014. Openness and Elite Orial History: The Case of Sweden. In The Paradox of Openness – Transparency and Participation in Nordic Cultures of Consensus, Hrsg. Norbert Götz und Carl Markl, 173–189. Leiden: Brill.
Google Scholar
Weber, Max. 1904. Die Objektivität sozialwissenschaftlicher und sozialpolitischer Erkenntnis. Tübingen: J.C.B. Mohr.
Google Scholar
Weber, Max. 1976. Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft: Grundriß der verstehenden Soziologie 1. 1922. 5. rev. Auflage. Tübingen: Mohr
Google Scholar
Wenger, Etienne. 1998. Communities of Practice: Learning, Meaning, and Identity. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Book
Google Scholar
Whittington, Richard, Ludovic Cailluet und Basak Yakis-Douglas. 2011. Opening strategy: Evolution of a Precarious Profession. British Journal of Management 22:531–544.
Article
Google Scholar
Whong, Chris. 2014. FOILing NYC’s Taxi Trip Data. https://chriswhong.com/open-data/foil_nyc_taxi (Zugegriffen 17. September 2021).
Wikimedia. 2011: Wikipedia Editors Study. Results from the Editor Survey, April 2011. https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/76/Editor_Survey_Report_-_April_2011.pdf (Zugegriffen: 05. Mai 2021).
Wikimedia. 2018. Community Engagement Insights 2018 Report. https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Community_Insights/2018_Report/Contributors&oldid=19625522 (Zugegriffen: 17. September 2021).
Woodward, Alison, und Martin Kohli. 2001. European societies: inclusions/exclusions? In Inclusions and Exclusions in European Societies, Hrsg. Alison Woodward und Martin Kohli, 1–17. London/New York: Routledge.
Google Scholar