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The development and testing of a smart sensorized guide wire for catheterization in a “blood” vessel phantom to support aortic valve implementation

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International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

Heart valve disease is commonly treated by minimally invasive procedures with guide wires and catheterization. The main purpose of this study is to find out whether an extension of the guide wire with a sensor can support the surgeon within the blood vessel to reduce X-ray necessity.

Methods

A smart guide wire is developed by an extension with a flex-bending sensor to evaluate the sensor signal with and without “blood” flow at a constant compression force. Various surgically relevant investigations are performed. For assessment, the mean temporal average of the moving averaged filtered ADC signal and a subsequent FFT are carried out.

Results

Results show that there is a smaller sensor signal when the applied force or bending at the sensor is higher. In all investigations, there was a different sensor signal. The flex-bending sensor can detect the effect of pulsatile flow. The smallest temporal averaged signal difference between reference and clamp in the front wire’s tip is 1.09%. For example, the mean temporal average of the filtered ADC signal for different clinically relevant scenarios is between 2550 and 2900.

Conclusions

The results show that the sensorized guide wire developed for catheterization can support aortic valve implementation. The sensor sensitivity is sufficient to detect even very small variations within the blood vessel and therefore is promising to support catheterization heart valve surgeries in future.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Markus Gstir and Sandro Müller for developing the MOSFET circuit.

Funding

No funding was received for conducting this study.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental, Process and Energy Engineering, MCI - The Entrepreneurial School, Innsbruck, Austria

    M. Berger, M. Pillei & T. Senfter

  2. Department of Medical Technologies, MCI - The Entrepreneurial School, Innsbruck, Austria

    M. Berger & N. Kuhn

  3. Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria

    N. Bonaros

Authors
  1. M. Berger
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  2. N. Kuhn
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  3. M. Pillei
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  4. N. Bonaros
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  5. T. Senfter
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to M. Berger.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. There were no human or animal studies involved.

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Appendices

Appendix 1

See Fig. 

Fig. 7
figure 7

Photos of all experiments. The experiment 1f is not shown since it is outside of the phantom and just serves as a reference

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Appendix 2

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Fig. 8
figure 8

Results of all Experiments shown as raw ADC signal data over time, taken from [19]

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Appendix 3

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Fig. 9
figure 9figure 9

Left: Filtered ADC signal based on moving average. Right: Fast Fourier transformed filtered ADC signal

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9.

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Berger, M., Kuhn, N., Pillei, M. et al. The development and testing of a smart sensorized guide wire for catheterization in a “blood” vessel phantom to support aortic valve implementation. Int J CARS (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11548-024-03127-w

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11548-024-03127-w

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