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Development and usability of a virtual reality umbilical venous catheter placement simulator

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International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

Exposure to procedures varies in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). A method to teach procedures should be available without patient availability, expert oversight, or simulation laboratories. To fill this need, we developed a virtual reality (VR) simulation for umbilical vein catheter (UVC) placement and sought to establish its face and content validity and usability.

Methods

Engineers, software developers, graphic designers, and neonatologists developed a VR UVC placement simulator following a participatory design approach. The software was deployed on the Meta Quest 2 head-mounted display (HMD). Neonatal nurse practitioners (NNPs) from a level 4 NICU used the simulator and completed an 11-item questionnaire to establish face and content validity. Participants also completed the validated simulation task load index and system usability scale to assess the usability of the simulator. Group 1 tested the VR simulation, which was optimized based on feedback, prior to Group 2’s participation.

Results

A total of 14 NNPs with 2–37 years of experience participated in testing. Participants scored the content and face validity of the simulator highly, with most giving scores ≥ 4/5. Usability was established with relatively high average system usability scores for both groups (Group 1: 67.14 ± 7.8, Group 2: 71 ± 14.1) and low SIM-TLX scores indicating manageable load while using the simulator.

Conclusion

After optimization, Group 2 found the UVC simulator to be realistic and effective. Both groups felt the simulator was easy to use and did not cause physical or cognitive strain. All participants felt the UVC simulator provided a safe environment to make mistakes, and the majority would recommend this experience to trainees.

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Acknowledgements

This project was funded by the Jump ARCHES endowment through the Health Care Engineering Systems Center.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria, 530 NE Glen Oak Ave., Peoria, IL, 61637, USA

    Taylor Gohman, M. Jawad Javed & Nicole Rau

  2. Healthcare Engineering Systems Center, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1206 W. Clark St., Urbana, IL, 61801, USA

    Harris Nisar

  3. Department of Industrial and Enterprise Systems Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Street, 104 S. Matthews Ave., Urbana, IL, 61801, USA

    Harris Nisar & Avinash Gupta

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  1. Taylor Gohman
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Correspondence to Harris Nisar.

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University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria IRB 1 determined this project does not meet the definition of human subject research under the purview of the IRB according to federal regulations.

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Gohman, T., Nisar, H., Gupta, A. et al. Development and usability of a virtual reality umbilical venous catheter placement simulator. Int J CARS 19, 881–889 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11548-024-03072-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11548-024-03072-8

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