Abstract
The Cold War affected the Sino-US educational exchange between 1949 and 1990. During those years, preparation for educational exchanges, personal contact and cross-government relations characterized the three periods of the exchanges. However, even though the relationship had developed very fast, it was by no means smooth sailing. These exchanges served as a political barometer and also acted as a conduit between the two when diplomatic relations were non-existent. It eased the tension when the relationship between the two countries had problems. The 40 years of exchanges were a win-win situation for both sides and one of the valuable cultural legacies that came out of the Cold War era.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Barnett, A. Doak. Letter to the author. March 12, 1985.
Committee on Scholarly Communication with the People’s Republic of China (CSCPRC) (1986). China Exchange News (14), 3, back cover.
Domestic Information Division of Xinhua News Agency (新华通讯社国内资料组) (1983). Chronology of the People’s Republic of China 1949–1980 (中华人民共和国大事记 1949–1980). Beijing: Xinhua Press, 339.
Editorial Department of Chinese Education Yearbook (中国教育年鉴编写组) (1990). Chinese Education Yearbook 1989 (中国教育年鉴 1989). Beijing: People’s Education Press, 330.
Editorial Department of Chinese Education Yearbook (中国教育年鉴编写组) (1991). Chinese Education Yearbook 1990 (中国教育年鉴 1990). Beijing: People’s Education Press, 140; 142.
Geithner, Peter. Personal interview at New York City. June 9; 1987.
Gu, Ning (顾宁) (1989). “A bridge for Sino-US academic exchanges—a brief history of the CSCPRC” (中美学术交流的桥梁—美中学术交流委员会简史), Reference Materials for American Studies (美国研究参考资料) (11), 39; 40.
Gu, Ning (顾宁) (1995) “Sino-US cultural exchanges between 1972 and 1992—review and consideration” (1972–1992 年的中美文化交流—回顾与思考), World History (世界历史) (3), 63.
Gu, Ning (顾宁) (1997). “Historical origins, reactions and influence of the China policy proposal of ‘containment without isolation’ on the 1966 senate hearings” (美国“遏制但不孤立”中国政策提议的历史由来、反响及其意义), World History (世界历史) (1), 46–54.
Guo, Wei-dong (郭卫东) (1993). Name List of Foreign Cultural Institutions in Modern China (近代外国在华文化机构综录). Shanghai: Shanghai People’s Press, 190; 400; 409; 133; 260–261; 262; 167–168.
Harding, Henry (1992). A Fragile Relationship—the United States and China since 1972. Washington D.C.: Brookings Institute, Appendix A-5; 367.
He, Xiao-xia (何晓夏) and Shi, Jing-huan (史静寰) (1996). Missionary Schools and the Modernization of the Chinese Education (教会学校与中国教育近代化). Guangzhou: Guangdong Education Press, 365–366.
Kenneth, Rea, W. and Brewer, John C. (1981). The Forgotten Ambassador: the Report of John Leighton Stuart, 1946–1949. Borlder, Colorado: Westview Press, 315.
Lampton, D. M., Madancy, J. A., and Williams, K. M. (1986). A Relationship Restored—Trends in U.S.-China Educational Exchanges, 1978–1984. Washington D.C.: National Academy Press, 126; 202–211; 191; 193; 11.
Li, Ming-de (李明德) (1990) “The present situation of Sino-US relations in science and technology” (当前的中美科技关系). Chinese Science Foundation, 40–47.
Louis, John. Personal interview. July 14, 1999.
Luo, Rong-qu (罗荣渠) (1987). “Introducing American and western new bourgeois cultures to China” (美国和西方资产阶级新文化输入中国), In Zhou, Yi-liang (周一良) (ed.) History of Cultural Exchanges between China and the West (中外文化交流史). Zhengzhou: Henan People’s Press, 658.
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of People’s Republic of China (中华人民共和国外交部) and Documents Research Division of the Central Committee of Chinese Communist Party (中共中央文献研究室) (MFA and DRDCCPCC) (1990). Selected Works of Zhou En-lai on Foreign Affairs (周恩来外交文选). Beijing: CCPCC Documents Press, 239–252.
National Committee on United States-China Relations (NCUSCR), Inc. 1970–1971. Annual Report: June 1970–June 1971, 1–2.
Oksenburg, Michel. Personal interview. August 23, 1999.
Orleans, Leo A. (1988). Chinese Students in America—Policies, Issues and Numbers. Washington D.C.: National Academy Press, 9.
Pye, Lucian. Personal interview. May 18, 1999.
Qian, Ning (钱宁) (1997) Studying in the USA (研究在美国). Nanjing: Jiangsu Art Press, 142–147.
Ruan, Ren-ze (阮仁泽) and Gao, Zhen-nong (高振农) (1992). Religious History of Shanghai (上海宗教史). Shanghai: Shanghai People’s Press, 935.
Scalapino, Robert A. Letter to the author. April 5, 1985.
Scalapino, Robert A. Personal interview. April 2, 1999.
Song, Jian (宋健) (June 2, 2004). “Song Jian’s talk on one hundred years of Chinese students studying abroad” (宋健谈百年接力留学潮), Chinese Newspaper Clipping (中国简报), (3).
Strebeigh, Fred (1989). “Training China’s new elite”, The Atlantic Monthly (April), 74.
The Committee of Concerned Asian Scholars (1972). China! Inside the People’s Republic of China. USA. and Canada: Bantam Books, 345–346.
“Translation dream”, Let the World Know You. CCTV-4. Beijing. June 12, 2004.
Wang, Bing-nan (王炳南) (1985). Memoirs of Nine Years’ Sino-US Ambassador Talks (中美会谈九年回顾). Beijing: World Knowledge Press, 28; 26–27; 61–65.
Whiting, Allen. Personal interview, June 21. 2001.
Zhao, Qi-na (赵绮娜) (2001). “U.S. educational and cultural exchange program in Taiwan Province (1951–1970)” (美国政府在台湾的教育文化交流活动 (1951–1970)), European and American Studies (欧美研究) (1), 79–127.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
__________
Translated from Journal of Historical Science, 2005 (12)
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Gu, N. On the cultural legacy of the Cold War: Sino-US educational exchange (1949–1990). Front. Educ. China 1, 487–504 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11516-006-0025-0
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11516-006-0025-0