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Simulation of the climatic effects of natural forcings during the pre-industrial era

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  • Atmospheric Sciences
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Chinese Science Bulletin

Abstract

The MPM-2, an Earth system model of intermediate complexity, is employed to study the climate system response to natural forcings during the pre-industrial era (1000–1800 AD), with a special focus on the surface air temperature (SAT) evolution. Solar radiation and volcanism are the primary natural forcings during this period. In the MPM-2, the solar radiation forcing determines the long-term trend of the climate system change, and the volcanic forcing intensifies (weakens) this trend. Ultimately, the combination of solar and volcanic forcings dominates the long-term changes of the climate system. These results are in good agreement with other model data or temperature reconstructions. Natural forcings can well explain the Little Ice Age (LIA) and the Medieval Warm Period (MWP). At the large regional scale, the SAT response to natural forcings is almost coincident with that of the Northern Hemisphere. Based on MPM-2 model results, it is concluded that the global climate gradually became cold during the pre-industrial era. However, MPM-2 model results substantially correlate with reconstructed solar and volcanic forcings. Namely, to some great extent, these results strongly rely on the forcing series data we choose. Therefore, in order to accurately simulate the secular variation of the historical climate, it is very important to reconstruct well the solar radiation change and volcanic forcing data are well reconstructed for the past 10000 years, at least for the past 2000 years, in addition to the model improvements. The sensitivity study on the abrupt solar radiation change indicates that the increased solar radiation not only strengthens the nonlinear response of SAT, but intensifies the global hydrological cycle. At the same time, the biosphere is also affected obviously.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Climate-Environment for Temperate East Asia, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China

    Yin ChongHua, Yan XiaoDong & Shi ZhengGuo

  2. British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingling Road Cambridge, CB3 0ET, UK

    Wang ZhaoMin

  3. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    Yin ChongHua & Shi ZhengGuo

Authors
  1. Yin ChongHua
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  2. Yan XiaoDong
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  3. Shi ZhengGuo
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  4. Wang ZhaoMin
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Correspondence to Yan XiaoDong.

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Supported by the Project of “Aridification over Northern China and Human Adaptation” (Grant No. 2006 CB400500)

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Yin, C., Yan, X., Shi, Z. et al. Simulation of the climatic effects of natural forcings during the pre-industrial era. CHINESE SCI BULL 52, 1545–1558 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11434-007-0207-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11434-007-0207-z

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