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Synergy between CSST galaxy survey and gravitational-wave observation: Inferring the Hubble constant from dark standard sirens

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Abstract

Gravitational waves (GWs) from compact binary coalescences encode the absolute luminosity distances of GW sources. Once the redshifts of GW sources are known, one can use the distance-redshift relation to constrain cosmological parameters. One way to obtain the redshifts is to localize GW sources by GW observations and then use galaxy catalogs to determine redshifts from a statistical analysis of redshift information of the potential host galaxies, commonly referred to as the dark siren method. The third-generation (3G) GW detectors are planned to work in the 2030s and will observe numerous compact binary coalescences. Using these GW events as dark sirens requires high-quality galaxy catalogs from future sky survey projects. The China Space Station Telescope (CSST) will be launched in 2024 and will observe billions of galaxies within a 17500 deg2 survey area with redshift up to z ∼ 4, providing photometric and spectroscopic galaxy catalogs. In this work, we simulate the CSST galaxy catalogs and the 5-year GW data from the 3G GW detectors and combine them to infer the Hubble constant (H0). Our results show that the measurement precision of H0 could reach the sub-percent level, meeting the standard of precision cosmology. We conclude that the synergy between CSST and the 3G GW detectors is of great significance in measuring the Hubble constant.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Cosmology and Astrophysics (Liaoning) & College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China

    Ji-Yu Song, Ling-Feng Wang, Yichao Li, Ze-Wei Zhao, Jing-Fei Zhang & Xin Zhang

  2. CAS Key Laboratory for Researches in Galaxies and Cosmology, Department of Astronomy, University of Science and Technology of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230026, China

    Wen Zhao

  3. School of Astronomy and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China

    Wen Zhao

  4. National Frontiers Science Center for Industrial Intelligence and Systems Optimization, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China

    Xin Zhang

  5. Key Laboratory of Data Analytics and Optimization for Smart Industry (Ministry of Education), Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China

    Xin Zhang

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  1. Ji-Yu Song
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  7. Xin Zhang
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Correspondence to Xin Zhang.

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This work was supported by the National SKA Program of China (Grant Nos. 2022SKA0110200, and 2022SKA0110203), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11975072, 11875102, and 11835009), the science research grants from the China Manned Space Project (Grant No. CMS-CSST-2021-B01), and the 111 Project (Grant No. B16009). We are grateful to Yan Gong, Furen Deng, Muxin Liu, Jiming Yu, and Yue Shao for fruitful discussions.

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Song, JY., Wang, LF., Li, Y. et al. Synergy between CSST galaxy survey and gravitational-wave observation: Inferring the Hubble constant from dark standard sirens. Sci. China Phys. Mech. Astron. 67, 230411 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11433-023-2260-2

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