Abstract
We carefully investigated the ferromagnetic coupling in the as-grown and annealed ferromagnetic semiconductor GaMnAs/AlGaMnAs bilayer devices. We observed that the magnetic interaction between the two layers strongly affects the magnetoresistance of the GaMnAs layer with applying the out of plane magnetic field. After low temperature annealing, the magnetic easy axis of the AlGaMnAs layer switches from out of plane into in-plane and the interlayer coupling efficiency is reduced from up to 0.6 to less than 0.4. However, the magnetic coupling penetration depth for the annealed device is twice that of the as-grown bilayer device.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Jungwirth T, Sinova J, Masek J, et al. Theory of ferromagnetic (III,Mn)V semiconductors. Rev Mod Phys, 2006, 78: 809–864
Awschalom D D, Flatte M E. Challenges for semiconductor spintronics. Nat Phys, 2007, 3: 153–159
Chiba D, Matsukura F, Ohno H. Electric-field control of ferromagnetism in (Ga,Mn)As. Appl Phys Lett, 2006, 89: 162505
Overby M, Chernyshov A, Rokhinson L P, et al. GaMnAs-based hybrid multiferroic memory device. Appl Phys Lett, 2008, 92: 192501
Rushforth AW, De Ranieri E, Zemen J, et al. Voltage control of magnetocrystalline anisotropy in ferromagnetic-semiconductor-piezoelectric hybrid structures. Phys Rev B, 2008, 78: 085314
Stolichnov I, Riester S W E, Trodahl H J, et al. Non-volatile ferroelectric control of ferromagnetism in (Ga, Mn)As. Nat Mater, 2008, 7: 464–467
Sawicki M, Chiba D, Korbecka A, et al. Experimental probing of the interplay between ferromagnetism and localization in (Ga, Mn)As. Nat Phys, 2010, 6: 22–25
Akiba N, Matsukura F, Shen A, et al. Interlayer exchange in (Ga,Mn)As/(Al,Ga)As/(Ga,Mn)As semiconducting ferromagnet/nonmagnet/ferromagnet trilayer structures. Appl Phys Lett, 1998, 73: 2122–2124
Chiba D, Akiba N, Matsukura F, et al. Properties of (Ga,Mn)As/(Al,Ga)As/(Ga,Mn)As magnetic trilayer structures. Physica E, 2001, 10: 278–282
Chiba D, Sato Y, Kita T, et al. Current-driven magnetization reversal in a ferromagnetic semiconductor (Ga,Mn)As/GaAs/(Ga,Mn)As tunnel junction. Phys Rev Lett, 2004, 93: 216602
Mattana R, Elsen M, George J M, et al. Chemical profile and magnetoresistance of Ga1−x MnxAs/GaAs/AlAs/GaAs/Ga1−x MnxAs tunnel junctions. Phys Rev B, 2005, 71: 075206
Ge Z, Zhou Y Y, Cho Y J, et al. Investigation of magnetic and electronic coupling between two (Ga,Mn)As layers in (Ga,Mn)As/GaAs/(Ga,Mn)As magnetic tunnel junctions. Appl Phys Lett, 2007, 91: 152109
Liu X, Sasaki Y. Enhancement of magnetic coercivity and ferromagnetic transition temperature by proximity effects in the GaMnAs-ZnMnSe multilayer system. Appl Phys Lett, 2001, 79: 2414–2416
Niazi T, Cormier M, Lucot D, et al. Electric-field control of the magnetic anisotropy in an ultrathin (Ga,Mn)As/(Ga,Mn)(As,P) bilayer. Appl Phys Lett, 2013, 102: 122403
Wilson M J, Zhu M, Myers R C, et al. Interlayer and interfacial exchange coupling in ferromagnetic metal/semiconductor heterostructures. Phys Rev B, 2010, 81: 045319
Maccherozzi F, Sperl M, Panaccione G, et al. Evidence for a magnetic proximity effect up to room temperature at Fe/(Ga,Mn)As interfaces. Phys Rev Lett, 2008, 101: 267201
Rushforth A W, Farley N R S, Campion R P, et al. Compositional dependence of ferromagnetism in (Al,Ga,Mn)As magnetic semiconductors. Phys Rev B, 2008, 78: 085209
Li Y Y, Wang H F, Cao Y F, et al. Annealing effect on magnetic anisotropy in ultrathin (Ga, Mn)As. Chin Phys B, 2013, 22: 027506
Wang M, Rushforth A W, Hindmarch A T, et al. Magnetic and structural properties of (Ga,Mn)As/(Al,Ga,Mn)As bilayer films. Appl Phys Lett, 2013, 102: 112404
Wang K Y, Sawicki M, Edmonds K W, et al. Spin reorientation transition in single-domain (Ga,Mn)As. Phys Rev Lett, 2005, 95: 217204
Pappert K, Humpfner S, Wenisch J, et al. Transport characterization of the magnetic anisotropy of (Ga,Mn)As. Appl Phys Lett, 2007, 90: 062109
Dietl T, Ohno H, Matsukura F, et al. Zener model description of ferromagnetism in zinc-blende magnetic semiconductors. Science, 2000, 287: 1019–1022
Wang K Y, Edmonds K W, Campion R P, et al. Anisotropic magnetoresistance and magnetic anisotropy in high-quality (Ga,Mn)As films. Phys Rev B, 2005, 72: 085201
Omiya T, Matsukura F, Dietl T, et al. Magnetotransport properties of (Ga,Mn)As investigated at low temperature and high magnetic field. Physica E, 2000, 7: 976–980
Edmonds K W, Campion R P, Wang K Y, et al. Magnetoresistance and Hall effect in the ferromagnetic semiconductor Ga1−x MnxAs. J Appl Phys, 2003, 93: 6787–6789
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Cao, Y., Li, Y., Li, Y. et al. Magnetic coupling in ferromagnetic semiconductor GaMnAs/AlGaMnAs bilayer devices. Sci. China Phys. Mech. Astron. 57, 1471–1475 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11433-014-5490-5
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11433-014-5490-5