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PKC-SWI6 signaling regulates asexual development, cell wall integrity, stress response, and lifestyle transition in the nematode-trapping fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora

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Abstract

Predatory fungi possess intricate signal transduction systems that regulate their development and support successful infection of the host. Herein, we characterized three components of the cell wall integrity-controlling pathway, namely protein kinase C (AoPKC), SLT2-MAPK (AoSLT2), and SWI6 (AoSWI6), in a representative nematode-trapping fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora, using gene disruption and multi-omics approaches. The phenotypic traits (such as mycelia development, conidiation, stress response, and trap morphogenesis) and metabolic profiles of ΔAopkc and ΔAoswi6 mutants were similar but differed from those of the ΔAoslt2 mutants. Transcriptomic analysis indicated that the genes differentially expressed in the absence of Aoswi6 were involved in DNA replication, repair, and recombination during trap formation. Moreover, the yeast two-hybrid assay showed that AoPKC interacted with AoSWI6, suggesting that in A. oligospora, PKC can directly regulate SWI6, bypassing the SLT2 signaling cascade. Conclusively, our findings deepen our understanding of the regulatory mechanism of asexual development and lifestyle switching in nematode-trapping fungi.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31960556, U1402265, 32160665), the Applied Basic Research Foundation of Yunnan Province (202001BB050004), and Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Yunnan Province. We would like to thank Yingqi Guo (Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences) for helping us capture and analyze TEM images.

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  1. State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China

    Meihua Xie, Ni Ma, Na Bai, Le Yang, Xuewei Yang, Ke-Qin Zhang & Jinkui Yang

  2. School of Resource, Environment and Chemistry, Chuxiong Normal University, Chuxiong, 675000, China

    Meihua Xie

  3. Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming, 650022, China

    Ni Ma

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  1. Meihua Xie
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Xie, M., Ma, N., Bai, N. et al. PKC-SWI6 signaling regulates asexual development, cell wall integrity, stress response, and lifestyle transition in the nematode-trapping fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora. Sci. China Life Sci. 65, 2455–2471 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11427-022-2118-0

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