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Towards a comprehensive understanding of zinc tolerance in Limonium brasiliense as a useful tool for environmental remediation and monitoring

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Abstract

Heavy metal pollution is a serious environmental problem worldwide, creating the necessity to find eco-friendly strategies for monitoring and remediating environments. This study aimed to evaluate morphological, physiological, and biochemical responses as indicative of Zn tolerance in Limonium brasiliense and to determine the ability of this halophyte to accumulate different concentrations of Zn (0, 100, and 200 μM) in hydroponic conditions. The leaf shape at high Zn concentration showed enlarged petioles and lanceolate blades, whereas the leaf size was reduced. Water content, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, and pigment content decreased with Zn addition. Of the antioxidant activities, only APx increased 75% compared to the control by Zn stress. Zn concentration was higher in aerial structures than in roots (BAC> 1 and TF> 1), suggesting that L. brasiliense could function as an accumulator of Zn. Its great ability to resist metal stress and its strong capacity to protect itself against high Zn concentration postulate it as a good phytoremediation of environments enriched with Zn. The study emphasizes using leaf morphology as an early biomonitoring tool for detecting Zn pollution, providing more evidence of their potential use as a biomarker for evaluating and assessing ecosystem health in biomonitoring programs.

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The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Tomas Bosco and Aldo Marcelo Santo for their assistance in laboratory work and Julio “Bocha” Rua for his collaboration in field activities. We are especially grateful to María Belén Vallejos and Magalí Muñoz for help with the figures and statistical analyses and two anonymous reviewers for their useful comments that greatly helped to improve the final version of the manuscript.

Funding

This research project is part of MPP’s PhD thesis in the University Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco for which the Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET, Argentina) has granted her a postgraduate fellowship. This work was funded by the Fondo para la Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (PICT N° 2018-03802 and PICT-2021-GRF-TII-00397) and the Neotropical Grassland Conservancy (Derald G. Langham Memorial Research Grant).

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  1. Instituto Patagónico para el Estudio de los Ecosistemas Continentales (IPEEC-CONICET), Boulevard Brown 2915, U9120ACD, Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina

    María de la Paz Pollicelli & Yanina L. Idaszkin

  2. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco, Boulevard Brown 3051, U9120ACD, Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina

    María de la Paz Pollicelli, Federico Márquez & Yanina L. Idaszkin

  3. Instituto de Biología de Organismos Marinos (IBIOMAR-CONICET), Boulevard Brown 2915, U9120ACD, Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina

    Federico Márquez

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  1. María de la Paz Pollicelli
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María de la Paz Pollicelli: writing — original draft, conceptualization, investigation, and formal analysis. Yanina L. Idaszkin: writing — review and editing, conceptualization, investigation, and funding acquisition. Federico Márquez: writing — review and editing, conceptualization, investigation, and funding acquisition.

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de la Paz Pollicelli, M., Márquez, F. & Idaszkin, Y.L. Towards a comprehensive understanding of zinc tolerance in Limonium brasiliense as a useful tool for environmental remediation and monitoring. Environ Sci Pollut Res 31, 25299–25311 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-32811-2

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