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Mineralization and residue characteristics of chloramphenicol in aerobic soils: evidence from a carbon-14 study

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Abstract

Chloramphenicol, a broad-spectrum antibiotic employed for controlling bacterial infections, presents an intriguing aspect in terms of its environmental fate in soils. 14C-labeled chloramphenicol was used to explore its mineralization and residue characteristics in three distinct agricultural soils in China. The findings revealed a nuanced pattern in the fate of 14C-chloramphenicol, with notable variations among the different soils under investigation. The chloramphenicol extract residue exhibited a reduction of 18.04% in sandy clay soil, 23.04% in clay loam soil, and 21.73% in loamy clay soil. Notably, the mineralization rate in sandy clay soil was 25.22% surpassed that in the other two soils, particularly during the initial stages of incubation. Over time, the diminishing extract residue underwent conversion into minerals and bound residue. The formation rate of bound residue was increased from 44.59 to 53.65% after adding 10% manure, suggesting that chloramphenicol easily binds with soils rich in organic matter. The bound residue is predominantly localized in the humin fraction across all soils. Additionally, the sterilized soil experiments indicated the pivotal role of microorganisms in influencing the fate of chloramphenicol under the specified experimental conditions. In conclusion, this study offers valuable insights into the environmental dynamics of chloramphenicol in soils, emphasizing the importance of soil composition, organic matter content, and microbial activity. The findings contribute to a scientific understanding of the environmental safety implications associated with chloramphenicol usage.

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Funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11505155, 42377371).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China

    Xunyue Liu, Haojie Zhu, Wenyang Song, Qiong Rao & Xiaoxiao Xu

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  1. Xunyue Liu
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  2. Haojie Zhu
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  3. Wenyang Song
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  4. Qiong Rao
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  5. Xiaoxiao Xu
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by [Xunyue Liu], [Wenyang Song], [Haojie Zhu], [Qiong Rao], and [Xiaoxiao Xu]. The first draft of the manuscript was written by [Xunyue Liu], and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Xunyue Liu.

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Liu, X., Zhu, H., Song, W. et al. Mineralization and residue characteristics of chloramphenicol in aerobic soils: evidence from a carbon-14 study. Environ Sci Pollut Res 31, 22917–22924 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-32617-2

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