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Photocatalytic degradation of norfloxacin antibiotics on ZnxCd(1-x)S/g-C3N4 composites in water

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Abstract

g-C3N4/ZnxCd(1-x)S composites were synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method. The composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction, UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and electron micro-projective microscopy. According to the performance of ZnxCd(1-x)S for the photocatalytic degradation of norfloxacin under visible light in water, the best stoichiometric number of x was 0.5. The best photolytic norfloxacin degradation rate of g-C3N4/ZnxCd(1-x)S composites was 89.8%, which was obtained when the dosage ratio of g-C3N4 to ZnxCd(1-x)S was 1:1. The experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of pH on the catalyst to obtain the optimal NORF degradation environment pH in the range of 7 ± 0.3; by simulating the anions that may be contained in the actual environmental water, the results showed that the catalyst has a certain effect on the degradation of NORF when the water contains NO3−, Cl− and HCO3−. In addition, this study also obtained that the main active substances produced by the catalyst during degradation were electron–hole pairs by adding different trapping agents in the NORF removal experiments; and the catalyst was able to achieve a degradation rate of 86.1% after four cycles of the experiments, which proved that it had good stability.

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All relevant data are within the paper. All data supporting the findings of this study are available within the paper and its Supplementary Information.

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Funding

This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province (grant 2008085MB57) and Natural Science Research Key Project from Education Department of Anhui Province (grant KJ2021A0626).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China

    Zanen Wu, Qinjun Chen & Shibiao Wu

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  1. Zanen Wu
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  2. Qinjun Chen
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  3. Shibiao Wu
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Contributions

Conceptualization: SW; methodology: ZW and QC; formal analysis and investigation: ZW and QC; writing—original draft preparation: ZW; writing—review and editing: SW; and funding acquisition: SW.

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Correspondence to Shibiao Wu.

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Wu, Z., Chen, Q. & Wu, S. Photocatalytic degradation of norfloxacin antibiotics on ZnxCd(1-x)S/g-C3N4 composites in water. Environ Sci Pollut Res 31, 16473–16484 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-32238-9

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