Abstract
The global consumption of antibiotics leads to their possible occurrence in the environment. In this context, nature-based solutions (NBS) can be used to sustainably manage and restore natural and modified ecosystems. In this work, we studied the efficiency of the NBS free-water surface wetlands (FWSWs) using Eichhornia crassipes in microcosm for enrofloxacin removal. We also explored the behavior of enrofloxacin in the system, its accumulation and distribution in plant tissues, the detoxification mechanisms, and the possible effects on plant growth. Enrofloxacin was initially taken up by E. crassipes (first 100 h). Notably, it accumulated in the sediment at the end of the experimental time. Removal rates above 94% were obtained in systems with sediment and sediment + E. crassipes. In addition, enrofloxacin was found in leaves, petioles, and roots (8.8–23.6 µg, 11–78.3 µg, and 10.2–70.7 µg, respectively). Furthermore, enrofloxacin, the main degradation product (ciprofloxacin), and other degradation products were quantified in the tissues and chlorosis was observed on days 5 and 9. Finally, the degradation products of enrofloxacin were analyzed, and four possible metabolic pathways of enrofloxacin in E. crassipes were described.
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References
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This work was supported by the Universidad Nacional del Litoral (Grant number pproject CAI + D 2020-50620190100020LI) and Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (Grant numbers PICT 2020–0105 and 2020–0304). The authors received research support from the Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET).
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Conceptualization. Carla M. Teglia, Hernán R. Hadad and María A. Maine; formal analysis and investigation: Carla M. Teglia, Hernán R. Hadad, María R. Repetti, María A. Maine, Álvaro S. Siano and Nora Uberti-Manassero; writing — original draft preparation: Carla M. Teglia, Hernán R. Hadad, María J. Culzoni and María A. Maine; writing — review and editing: Héctor C. Goicoechea, María J. Culzoni and María A. Maine; resources: Carla M. Teglia, Héctor C. Goicoechea and María J. Culzoni; supervision: Héctor C. Goicoechea and María A. Maine.
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Teglia, C.M., Hadad, H.R., Uberti-Manassero, N. et al. Removal of enrofloxacin using Eichhornia crassipes in microcosm wetlands. Environ Sci Pollut Res 31, 14845–14857 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-32146-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-32146-y