Abstract
Due to the rapid development of animal husbandry, the associated environmental problems cannot be ignored, with the management of livestock and poultry manure emerging as the most prominent issue. Composting technology has been widely used in livestock and poultry manure management. A deeper understanding of the nitrogen conversion process during composting offers a theoretical foundation for selecting compost substrates. In this study, the effects of sawdust (CK) and spent mushroom compost (T1) as auxiliary materials on nitrogen as well as microbial structure in the composting process when composted with chicken manure were investigated. At the end of composting, the nitrogen loss of T1 was reduced by 17.18% relative to CK. When used as a compost substrate, spent mushroom compost accelerates the succession of microbial communities within the compost pile and alters the core microbial communities within the microbial community. Bacterial genera capable of cellulose degradation (Fibrobacter, Herbinix) are new core microorganisms that influence the assimilation of nitrate reduction during compost maturation. Using spent mushroom compost as a composting substrate increased the enzyme activity of nitrogen assimilation while decreasing the enzyme activity of the denitrification pathway.
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Funding
This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 31772642, 31672457), the Ministry of Agricultural of the People’s Republic of China (2015-Z64, 2016-X47), the Hunan Provincial Science and Technology Department (2021JJ30008, 2019TP2004, 2017NK2322, 2016WK2008, 2016TP2005), the Double first-class construction project of Hunan Agricultural University (SYL201802003), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2018M632963, 2019T120705), the Postgraduate Scientific Research Innovation Project of Hunan Province (CX20210654), and the Science and Technology Innovation and Entrepreneurship Project for University Students of Hunan Province (2021RC1004).
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JF and GL contributed to the study’s conception and design. XW, NL, HY, and RZ were responsible for research, material preparation, data collection, and analysis, and the first draft of the manuscript was written by XW. GL commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All aforementioned authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Wang, X., Liu, N., Zeng, R. et al. Change of core microorganisms and nitrogen conversion pathways in chicken manure composts by different substrates to reduce nitrogen losses. Environ Sci Pollut Res 31, 14959–14970 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-31901-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-31901-5