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New and effective cassava bagasse–modified biochar to adsorb Food Red 17 and Acid Blue 9 dyes in a binary mixture

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Abstract

A promissory technic for reducing environmental contaminants is the production of biochar from waste reuse and its application for water treatment. This study developed biochar (CWb) and NH4Cl-modified biochar (MCWb) using cassava residues as precursors. CWb and MCWb were characterized and evaluated in removing dyes (Acid Blue 9 and Food Red 17) in a binary system. The adsorbent demonstrated high adsorption capacity at all pH levels studied, showing its versatility regarding this process parameter. The equilibrium of all adsorption experiments was reached in 30 min. The adsorption process conformed to pseudo-first-order kinetics and extended Langmuir isotherm model. The thermodynamic adsorption experiments demonstrated that the adsorption process is physisorption, exhibiting exothermic and spontaneous characteristics. MCWb exhibited highly efficient and selective adsorption behavior towards the anionic dyes, indicating maximum adsorption capacity of 131 and 150 mg g−1 for Food Red 17 and Acid Blue 9, respectively. Besides, MCWb could be reused nine times, maintaining its original adsorption capacity. This study demonstrated an excellent adsorption capability of biochars in removing dyes. In addition, it indicated the recycling of wastes as a precursor of bio composts, a strategy for utilization in water treatment with binary systems. It showed the feasibility of the reuse capacity that indicated that the adsorbent may have many potential applications.

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Data Availability

The datasets used and analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Funding

This work was funded by the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development/CNPq (Grant 405982/2022-4 and Grant 303992/2021-2). The authors thank the Research Supporting Project for funding this work through Research Supporting Project number (RSPD2023R708), King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil and Environmental, Universidad de la Costa, Calle 58 #55-66, 080002, Barranquilla, Atlántico, Colombia

    Janaína Oliveira Gonçalves & Luis Felipe Silva

  2. Industrial Technology Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Food Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Brazil

    Marssele Martins Crispim, Estefani Cardillo Rios, Bruna Silva de Farias, Tito Roberto Sant’Anna Cadaval Junior & Luiz Antônio de Almeida Pinto

  3. Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China

    Asad Nawaz

  4. Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia

    Salim Manoharadas

  5. Research Group on Adsorptive and Catalytic Process Engineering (ENGEPAC), Federal University of Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000-7, Santa Maria, RS, 97105–900, Brazil

    Guilherme Luiz Dotto

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  1. Janaína Oliveira Gonçalves
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  2. Marssele Martins Crispim
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Contributions

Conceptualization: Janaína Oliveira Gonçalves, Guilherme Luiz Dotto; methodology: Marssele Martins Crispim, Estefani Cardillo Rios; formal analysis and investigation: Bruna Silva de Farias, Tito Roberto Sant’Anna Cadaval Junior; writing — original draft preparation: Luis Felipe Silva, Bruna Silva de Farias; writing — review and editing: Guilherme Luiz Dotto, Luiz Antônio de Almeida Pinto, Asad Nawaz, Salim Manoharadas; funding acquisition: Guilherme Luiz Dotto, Luis Felipe Silva,; Supervision: Luis Felipe Silva, Guilherme Luiz Dotto. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Guilherme Luiz Dotto.

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Guilherme Luiz Dotto is the Editor of the Environmental Science and Pollution Research. The other authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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Gonçalves, J.O., Crispim, M.M., Rios, E.C. et al. New and effective cassava bagasse–modified biochar to adsorb Food Red 17 and Acid Blue 9 dyes in a binary mixture. Environ Sci Pollut Res 31, 5209–5220 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-31489-2

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