Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Comparing removal of synthetic anthraquinone dye wastewater in an electrical discharge and UV-LED/WO3 reactors: using statistical Taguchi optimization approach

  • Research Article
  • Published:
Environmental Science and Pollution Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are an available solution for the rapid growth of the water pollution problem. In the present study, the process of UV-LED/WO3 and plasma was comparatively studied to remove reactive blue 19. The photocatalyst process efficiency was analyzed by statistical Taguchi model. The effect of experimental variables of contact time, pH, catalyst dosage, and pollutant dosage was investigated and found that the model is able to explain the process due to the high value of R > 95%, and the optimum condition was at 10 mg/L of dye concentration, 1g/L of catalyst, and 180 min of detention time in which over 75% of degradation was achieved. Based on the model, the more reaction time would increase the reactor performance, while further excessive increase of catalyst dosage over 1 g/L would deteriorate the performance. Obviously, the least amount of pollutant is the most favorable for the treatment reactor. Using plasma process for dye degradation was the next step of the research. Accordingly, the removal rate achieved over 90% of 10 mg/L of initial industrial dye in durational time of 4 min, input voltage 13.5 kV, and pH = 2. The results showed the higher oxidizing capacity of plasma than the conventional photocatalyst process.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8

Similar content being viewed by others

Data Availability

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Abbreviations

R.B 19:

reactive blue 19

CT:

contact time

DC:

dye concentration

CD:

catalyst dosage

S/N:

sound to noise

COD:

chemical oxygen demand

TOC:

total organic carbon

References

  • Abbas Y, Lu W, Wang Q, Dai H, Liu Y, Fu X, Pan C, Ghaedi H, Cheng F, Wang H (2020) Remediation of pyrene contaminated soil by double dielectric barrier discharge plasma technology: performance optimization and evaluation. Environ Pollut 260:113944. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.113944

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Abdi J, Vossoughi M, Mahmoodi NM, Alemzadeh I (2017) Synthesis of metal-organic framework hybrid nanocomposites based on GO and CNT with high adsorption capacity for dye removal. Chem Eng J 326:1145–1158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2017.06.054

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Alkaykh S, Mbarek A, Ali-Shattle EE (2020a) Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue dye in aqueous solution by MnTiO3 nanoparticles under sunlight irradiation. Heliyon 6(4):e03663

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alkaykh S, Mbarek A, Ali-Shattle EE (2020b) Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue dye in aqueous solution by MnTiO3 nanoparticles under sunlight irradiation. Heliyon, 6(4)

  • Arimi A, Farhadian M, Solaimany Nazar AR, Homayoonfal M (2016) Assessment of operating parameters for photocatalytic degradation of a textile dye by Fe2O3/TiO2/clinoptilolite nanocatalyst using Taguchi experimental design. Res Chem Intermed 42(5):4021–4040

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bilal M, Rasheed T, Iqbal HM, Li C, Wang H, Hu H, Wang W, Zhang X (2018) Photocatalytic degradation, toxicological assessment and degradation pathway of CI reactive blue 19 dye. Chem Eng Res Des 129:384–390

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ding X, Gutierrez L, Croue J-P, Li M, Wang L, Wang Y (2020) Hydroxyl and sulfate radical-based oxidation of RhB dye in UV/H2O2 and UV/persulfate systems: kinetics, mechanisms, and comparison. Chemosphere 253:126655

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ebrahimpour Z, Pliekhova O, Cabrera H, Abdelhamid M, Korte D, Gadedjisso-Tossou KS, Niemela J, Stangar UL, Franko M (2021) Photodegradation mechanisms of reactive blue 19 dye under UV and simulated solar light irradiation. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 252:119481

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Elmolla ES, Chaudhuri M (2010) Degradation of amoxicillin, ampicillin and cloxacillin antibiotics in aqueous solution by the UV/ZnO photocatalytic process. J Hazard Mater 173(1):445–449. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.08.104

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ghalebizade M, Ayati B (2020) Investigating electrode arrangement and anode role on dye removal efficiency of electro-peroxone as an environmental friendly technology. Sep Purif Technol 251:117350. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2020.117350

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gholizade A, Asadollahfardi G, Rezaei R (2023) Reactive blue 19 dye removal by UV-LED/chlorine advanced oxidation process. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30(1):1704–1718

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Guo K, Wu Z, Yan S, Yao B, Song W, Hua Z, Zhang X, Kong X, Li X, Fang J (2018) Comparison of the UV/chlorine and UV/H2O2 processes in the degradation of PPCPs in simulated drinking water and wastewater: kinetics, radical mechanism and energy requirements. Water Res 147:184–194

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Haddad FA, Moussavi G, Moradi M (2019) Advanced oxidation of formaldehyde in aqueous solution using the chemical-less UVC/VUV process: kinetics and mechanism evaluation. J Water Process Eng 27:120–125

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hoang NT-T, Tran AT-K, Hoang M-H, Nguyen TTH, Bui X-T (2021) Synergistic effect of TiO2 /chitosan/glycerol photocatalyst on color and COD removal from a dyeing and textile secondary effluent. Environ Technol Innov 21:101255. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2020.101255

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kumar K, Singh GK, Dastidar MG, Sreekrishnan TR (2014) Effect of mixed liquor volatile suspended solids (MLVSS) and hydraulic retention time (HRT) on the performance of activated sludge process during the biotreatment of real textile wastewater. Water Resour Indust 5:1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wri.2014.01.001

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Laohaprapanon S, Matahum J, Tayo L, You S-J (2015) Photodegradation of reactive black 5 in a ZnO/UV slurry membrane reactor. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 49:136–141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtice.2014.11.017

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Li H, Liu S, Zhao J, Feng N (2016) Removal of reactive dyes from wastewater assisted with kaolin clay by magnesium hydroxide coagulation process. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 494:222–227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2016.01.048

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Meiyazhagan S, Yugeswaran S, Ananthapadmanabhan P, Suresh K (2020) Process and kinetics of dye degradation using microplasma and its feasibility in textile effluent detoxification. J Water Process Eng 37:101519

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moussavi G, Fathi E, Moradi M (2019) Advanced disinfecting and post-treating the biologically treated hospital wastewater in the UVC/H2O2 and VUV/H2O2 processes: performance comparison and detoxification efficiency. Process Saf Environ Prot 126:259–268

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ouzar A, Kim I-K (2022) Tetracycline degradation by nonthermal plasma: removal efficiency, degradation pathway, and toxicity evaluation. Water Sci Technol 86(11):2794–2807

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Panda P, Mahanta RK, Mohanty S, Paikaray R, Das SP (2021) Abatement of gas-phase VOCs via dielectric barrier discharge plasmas. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28(22):28666–28679. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-12565-x

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rahimpour M, Taghvaei H, Zafarnak S, Rahimpour MR, Raeissi S (2019) Post-discharge DBD plasma treatment for degradation of organic dye in water: a comparison with different plasma operation methods. J Environ Chem Eng 7(4):103220. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2019.103220

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rani CN, Karthikeyan S (2020) Feasibility study of acenaphthene degradation in a novel slurry UV photocatalytic membrane reactor: effect of operating parameters and optimization using response surface modeling. Chem Eng Process Process Intensif 155:108051. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cep.2020.108051

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Samarghandi MR, Zarrabi M, Amrane A, Sepehr MN, Noroozi M, Namdari S, Zarei A (2012) Kinetic of degradation of two azo dyes from aqueous solutions by zero iron powder: determination of the optimal conditions. Desalin Water Treat 40(1-3):137–143

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sarangapani C, Dixit Y, Milosavljevic V, Bourke P, Sullivan C, Cullen P (2017) Optimization of atmospheric air plasma for degradation of organic dyes in wastewater. Water Sci Technol 75(1):207–219

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shafeei N, Asadollahfardi G, Moussavi G, Boojar MMA (2019) Degradation of ibuprofen in the photocatalytic process with doped TiO2 as catalyst and UVA-LED as existing source. Desalin Water Treat 142:341–352

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sugiarto AT, Ito S, Ohshima T, Sato M, Skalny JD (2003) Oxidative decoloration of dyes by pulsed discharge plasma in water. J Electrost 58(1):135–145. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3886(02)00203-6

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sun Y, Hua X, Ge R, Guo A, Guo Z, Dong D, Sun W (2013) Investigation on pretreatment of centrifugal mother liquid produced in the production of polyvinyl chloride by air-Fenton technique. Environ Sci Pollut Res 20(8):5797–5805

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yang Q, Zhong Y, Zhong H, Li X, Du W, Li X, Chen R, Zeng G (2015) A novel pretreatment process of mature landfill leachate with ultrasonic activated persulfate: optimization using integrated Taguchi method and response surface methodology. Process Saf Environ Prot 98:268–275. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2015.08.009

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yazdanbakhsh A, Eslami A, Massoudinejad M, Avazpour M (2020) Enhanced degradation of sulfamethoxazole antibiotic from aqueous solution using Mn-WO3/LED photocatalytic process: kinetic, mechanism, degradation pathway and toxicity reduction. Chem Eng J 380:122497. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2019.122497

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yetilmezsoy K, Demirel S, Vanderbei RJ (2009) Response surface modeling of Pb (II) removal from aqueous solution by Pistacia vera L.: Box–Behnken experimental design. J Hazard Mater 171(1-3):551–562

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Funding

Financial support of Kharazmi University.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Engineering, Civil Engineering Department, Kharazmi University, Tehran, 15719-14911, Iran

    Negar Namjoo, Mohammad Delnavaz & Seyed Sajad Mahdian

Authors
  1. Negar Namjoo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Mohammad Delnavaz
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Seyed Sajad Mahdian
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

Negar Namjoo: investigation, methodology, and data curation. Mohammad Delnavaz: supervision, conceptualization, methodology, and writing. Sajad Mahdian: writing, review, and editing.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mohammad Delnavaz.

Ethics declarations

Ethical approval

This is not applicable for my study.

Consent to participate

All authors give informed consent to participate in the study.

Consent for publication

All authors agreed with the content, and all gave explicit consent to publish their data on the paper submitted in the Journal of Environmental Science and Pollution Research.

Competing interests

The authors declare no competing interests.

Additional information

Responsible Editor: Sami Rtimi

Publisher’s note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Namjoo, N., Delnavaz, M. & Mahdian, S.S. Comparing removal of synthetic anthraquinone dye wastewater in an electrical discharge and UV-LED/WO3 reactors: using statistical Taguchi optimization approach. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 110539–110549 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-30147-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-30147-x

Keywords

Search

Navigation