Abstract
The adsorption performance of layered double hydroxides (LDHs) is limited owing to self-aggregation. To avoid this and effectively control the eutrophication of water bodies, biochar (BC) was synthesized, herein, by pyrolyzing waste sheep manure at 500°C, and Ca–Al-LDHs were loaded on the surface via a coprecipitation method to obtain Ca–Al-LDHs–BC(CA) composites with varying LDH contents. The fitted maximum adsorption capacities of the CA-5%, CA-10%, CA-15%, and CA-20% samples (corresponding to samples with 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% LDHs, respectively) were 10.21, 16.14, 22.40, and 28.47 mg g−1, which were (when converted into metal proportions) 1.48, 1.23, 1.15, and 1.13 times of that of single hydrotalcite, respectively. The double-layer model was fitted using the Levenberg–Marquardt iterative algorithm, which when combined with the characterization results, confirmed that the adsorption of phosphate ions by CA–BC occurred via the double-layer adsorption mechanism. Two types of direct adsorption were observed: ion exchange, which resulted in first-layer adsorption, and ligand exchange, which resulted in second-layer adsorption, with first-layer adsorption accounting for a higher proportion. This double-layer adsorption mechanism showed that LDHs–BC could achieve higher ligand exchange performance compared to that achieved using only LDHs.
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Funding
This work was financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFD1901300, 2017YFD0800403), the Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences (GZKF202116), Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects (202101AT070002), Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund (Y2022PT06, Y2021XC18), Major Science and Technology Special Plan of Yunnan Province (202102AE090011), Innovative Project of China Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs).
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Shangkai Qiu: visualization, methodology, data curation, formal analysis, writing original draft preparation. Mingyao Yuan: investigation, conceptualization, methodology, data curation, formal analysis. Mengmeng Li: visualization, investigation, formal analysis. Wenjia Han: software. Lisheng Zhang: methodology, software. Di Zhao: editing. Xia Li: formal analysis. Keqiang Zhang: writing—review and editing. Feng Wang: funding acquisition, project administration, supervision, writing—review and editing.
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Qiu, ., Yuan, M., Li, M. et al. Phosphate adsorption on LDHs-biochar composite: Double-layer model for quantifying the contribution of ion exchange and ligand exchange. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 93986–93997 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-28958-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-28958-z