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Hydrochemistry and strontium isotope fingerprints of solute sources and CO2 consumption in Changbai Mountain area, Northeast China

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Abstract

As one of the most representative forms of groundwater, mineral water provides a critical understanding of regional hydrogeochemical features and rock weathering processes. However, current studies have mostly focused on the quality of mineral water and have rarely addressed the weathering process during its formation. Therefore, a multi-tracer approach combines chemical parameters, major ions, selected trace elements, and 87Sr/86Sr ratios for mineral water samples in Changbai Mountain during 2020–2021. First, we determined the hydrogeochemical characteristics of different types of mineral water. Secondly, the water-rock interaction processes governing the water mineralization were described to fix the hydrogeochemical background. Thirdly, the chemical weathering rate was calculated. The total dissolved load generated by rock weathering was around 6.76 tons/km2/year in the mineral water catchment area; 44.6% and 36.9% of the dissolved load were derived from silicate and carbonate weathering, respectively. The trace carbonates also played an important role in the overall rock weathering. Finally, after fully considering various influencing factors, we concluded that lithological characteristics and the soil environment rich in organic acids were the most important factors affecting rock weathering in the Changbai Mountain area. Overall, this study highlights the mineral water’s role in the fluxes of CO2 in local area and reveals possible influence of the unique ecological and geological environment on rock weathering in Changbai Mountain. It can provide a reference for the subsequent assessment of environmental stability for basalt areas and the possibility of sustainable water resources development.

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Funding

This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (grant number: 2019YFC0409103) and Graduate Innovation Fund of Jilin University (grant number: 2023CX099).

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  1. Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China

    Yihan Li, Jianmin Bian, Peng Xu, Xiaoqing Sun & Wenhao Sun

  2. College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China

    Yihan Li, Jianmin Bian, Peng Xu, Xiaoqing Sun & Wenhao Sun

  3. State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing, 100038, China

    Peng Xu

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Yihan Li: methodology, formal analysis, writing—original draft. Jianmin Bian: project administration. Peng Xu: data curation. Xiaoqing Sun: writing—review and editing. Wenhao Sun: data curation.

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Li, ., Bian, J., Xu, P. et al. Hydrochemistry and strontium isotope fingerprints of solute sources and CO2 consumption in Changbai Mountain area, Northeast China. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 91929–91944 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-28837-7

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