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Metal uptake and translocation by Chinese brake fern (Pteris vittata) and diversity of rhizosphere microbial communities under single and combined arsenic and cadmium stress

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Abstract

Chinese brake fern (Pteris vittata) can increase tolerance to arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) toxicity by regulating rhizosphere microbial diversity. However, effects of combined As–Cd stress on microbial diversity and plant uptake and transport remain poorly understood. Therefore, effects of different concentrations of As and Cd on Pteris vittata (P. vittata) metal uptake and translocation and rhizosphere microbial diversity were examined in a pot experiment. The results indicated that As primarily accumulated aboveground in P. vittata (bioconcentration factor (BCF) ≤ 51.3; translocation factor (TF) ≈ 4), whereas Cd primarily accumulated belowground (BCF ≤ 39.1; TF < 1). Under single As, single Cd, and As–Cd combined stress, the most dominant bacteria and fungi were Burkholderia-Caballeronia-P (6.62–27.92%) and Boeremia (4.61–30.42%), Massilia (8.07–11.51%) and Trichoderma (4.47–22.20%), and Bradyrhizobium (2.24–10.38%) and Boeremia (3.16–45.69%), respectively, and their abundance ratios had a significant impact on the efficiency of P. vittata for As and Cd accumulation. However, with increasing As and Cd concentrations, abundances of plant pathogenic bacteria such as Fusarium and Chaetomium (the highest abundances were 18.08% and 23.72%, respectively) increased, indicating that As and Cd concentrations reduced P. vittata resistance to pathogens. At high soil concentrations of As–Cd, although plant As and Cd contents increased and microbial diversity was highest, enrichment efficiency and transportability of As and Cd decreased substantially. Therefore, pollution intensity should be considered when evaluating P. vittata suitability for phytoremediation of combined As–Cd contaminated soils.

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Data availability

The datasets used or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

We thank LetPub (www.letpub.com) for the linguistic assistance and pre-submission expert review.

Funding

This research was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31960057) and the Yunnan Key Laboratory of Metal–Organic Molecular Materials and Devices (YNMOMD2213).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kunming University, Kunming, 650214, Yunnan, China

    Shizhan Cui

  2. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Kunming University, Kunming, 650214, Yunnan, China

    Han Xiao, Deren Miao & Wanqiu Yang

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  1. Shizhan Cui
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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by Shizhan Cui, Han Xiao, Deren Miao, and Wanqiu Yang. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Shizhan Cui. The supervision and writing — review and editing were finished by Wanqiu Yang. All authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript and read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Wanqiu Yang.

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Cui, S., Xiao, H., Miao, D. et al. Metal uptake and translocation by Chinese brake fern (Pteris vittata) and diversity of rhizosphere microbial communities under single and combined arsenic and cadmium stress. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 85198–85209 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-28448-2

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