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Adsorption kinetics and mechanism of atrazine on iron-modified algal residue biochar in the presence of soil

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Abstract

Atrazine has been widely used as an herbicide, and its harm has attracted more and more attention. In this study, magnetic algal residue biochar (MARB) was prepared from algae residue, a by-product of aquaculture, by ball milling it with ferric oxide to study the adsorption and removal of the triazine herbicide atrazine in a soil medium. The adsorption kinetics and isotherm results showed that atrazine removal by MARB reached 95.5% within 8 h at a concentration of 10 mg·L−1, but the removal rate dropped to 78.4% in the soil medium. The pseudo-first- and pseudo-second-order kinetics and Langmuir isotherms best described atrazine adsorption on MARB. It is estimated that the maximum adsorption capacity of MARB can reach 10.63 mg·g−1. The effects of pH, humic acids, and cations on the adsorption performance of MARB for atrazine were also studied. When pH was 3, the adsorption capacity of MARB was twice that of other pHs. Only in the presence of 50 mg·L−1 HA and 0.1 mol·L−1 NH4+, Na, and K, the adsorption capacity of MARB to AT decreased by 8% and 13%, respectively. The results showed that MARB had a stable removal profile over a wide range of conditions. The adsorption mechanisms involved multiple interaction forms, among which the introduction of iron oxide promoted hydrogen bonding formation and π-π interactions by enriching –OH and –COO on the surface of MARB. Overall, the magnetic biochar prepared in this study can be used as an effective adsorbent to remove atrazine in complex environments and is ideal for algal biomass waste treatment and environmental governance.++

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The data used to support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon request.

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Funding

This work was supported by the Fujian Education and Scientific Research Project for Young and Middle-Aged Teachers (JAT200460).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, 361024, China

    Ziqiang Gao, Zhineng Dai & Rui Wang

  2. Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology (XMUT), Fujian Province University, Xiamen, China

    Zhineng Dai

  3. School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China

    Yang Li

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  1. Ziqiang Gao
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  2. Zhineng Dai
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  4. Yang Li
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Contributions

Conceptualization: Z.D.; formal analysis: Z.G.; investigation: Z.G. and R.W.; resources: Z.G. and R.W.; data curation: Z.G. and Z.D.; writing—original draft: Z.G.; writing—review and editing: Z.D. and Y.L.; supervision: Z.D. and Y.L.; project administration: Z.D.; funding acquisition: Z.D. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Zhineng Dai.

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Highlights

• MARB had good adsorption for atrazine and can be magnetically separated.

• MARB stably removed atrazine over a wide range of conditions.

• Adding oxygen-containing groups improved MARB hydrogen bond formation and π-π interactions.

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Gao, Z., Dai, Z., Wang, R. et al. Adsorption kinetics and mechanism of atrazine on iron-modified algal residue biochar in the presence of soil. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 70506–70518 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-27373-8

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