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RETRACTED ARTICLE: Nexus among green energy consumption, foreign direct investment, green innovation technology, and environmental pollution on economic growth

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Abstract

The objective of this study is to examine the impact of green energy consumption (GEC), foreign direct investment (FDI), green innovation technology (GIT), and environmental pollution (EP) on economic growth (EG) of selected South Asian countries under the sustainable development goal (SDGs) number seven (7). This study uses panel annual data set from world development indicators (WDI) and OECD statistics for twenty-one (21) years starting from 2000 to 2020. This study applies dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS) and fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS) for data analysis and long-run relationship among variables. The findings of our study states that FDI, green energy consumption, and green innovation technology have positive effect among selected sample countries. However, it is noted that environmental degradation has adverse effect on economic growth.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Economics, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan

    Aysha Zamir & Noreen Mujahid

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  1. Aysha Zamir
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Contributions

This paper has been extracted from Miss Aysha Zamir PhD thesis. Miss Aysha has completed the data analysis part, interpreted the data analysis section, “Methodology,” “Introduction,” and “Literature review” parts, respectively; Dr. Noreen Mujahid wrote conclusion, abstract parts, format the paper as per journal requirements and under her supervision.

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Correspondence to Aysha Zamir.

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This article has been retracted. Please see the retraction notice for more detail: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-33015-4"

Appendix 1

Appendix 1

Graphical representation of variables in sample countries

Fig. 1
figure 1

Green energy production, green innovation technology, and economic growth of selected sample of South Asian countries

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Fig. 2
figure 2

Description of variables for Pakistan country

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Fig. 3
figure 3

Description of variables for Nepal country

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Fig. 4
figure 4

Description of variables for Sri Lanka country

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Fig. 5
figure 5

Description of variables for Bangladesh country

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Fig. 6
figure 6

Description of variables for Indian country

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Zamir, A., Mujahid, N. RETRACTED ARTICLE: Nexus among green energy consumption, foreign direct investment, green innovation technology, and environmental pollution on economic growth. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 76501–76513 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-23184-5

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