Abstract
The sustainable production and use of small-scale biogas energy are required to ensure clean household energy access in developing countries, including the Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) region. This is influenced by market risks, which can be identified as political, economic, social, technical, legal, and environmental (PESTLE). This study examines peer-reviewed and grey literature for the period from 2000 to 2020 to identify the PESTLE constraints and assess their impact on the sustainable development of the technology in the SSA region. The production of biogas with small-scale plants is commonly done by rural and peri-urban households. Results show that economic constraints are the most dominant and reducing at a slow pace. This is followed by political constraints, which have received much attention in the last two decades. Despite the policy improvements, broader national bioenergy policies and interventions are still to make significant gains, especially in the Central African region. In order of significance, the Southern, East, and West Africa regions have made greater progress in reducing the constraints. To achieve the sustainable development of the technology, there is a need to further address the PESTLE constraints at national and regional levels. This study partly deduces that the unsustainable production, use, and inadequate regulation of the small-scale biogas sector are delaying its transition in the SSA region.
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Abbreviations
- ABPP:
-
Africa Biogas Partnership Programme
- BGPs:
-
Biogas plants
- BGT:
-
Biogas technology
- CDM:
-
Clean development mechanism
- CSO:
-
Civil Society Organisation
- GHG:
-
Greenhouse gas
- ha:
-
Hectare
- HH:
-
Household
- IFAD:
-
International Fund for Agricultural Development
- IRENA:
-
International Renewable Energy Agency
- PESTLE:
-
Political, economic, social, technological, legal, and environmental
- REFIT:
-
Renewable energy feed-in tariff
- RET:
-
Renewable energy technology
- SDG:
-
Sustainable development goal
- SE4ALL:
-
Sustainable energy for all
- SNV:
-
The Netherlands Development Organization
- SSA:
-
Sub-Saharan Africa
- UNDP:
-
United Nations Development Programme
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This research was supported by the IGA [20223111] at the Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague.
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All authors conceived the idea for the paper. Chama Theodore Ketuama identified relevant literature, analysed the data and wrote the original manuscript. Revisions were done by Chama Theodore Ketuama, Jana Mazancová, and Hynek Roubík. Supervision was done by Hynek Roubík.
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Ketuama, C.T., Mazancová, J. & Roubík, H. Impact of market constraints on the development of small-scale biogas technology in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 65978–65992 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-22262-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-22262-y