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Gully erosion vulnerability modelling, estimation of soil loss and assessment of gully morphology: a study from cratonic part of eastern India

  • GIS Applied to Soil-Agricultural Health for Environmental Sustainability
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Abstract

A highly visible form of soil erosion is gully, a significant geomorphological feature, resulting from water erosion and causing land degradation and deterioration. In arid and semi-arid environment, gully erosion is conceived as an important source of sediment supply washing out the top fertile soil and exposing lower soil layers. The present study is conducted on the lateritic terrain of Rupai watershed of eastern plateau fringe of India, where water erosion is a serious concern. In order to prepare a gully erosion vulnerability mapping, the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) model coupled with geospatial technology is adopted taking into account thirteen bio-physical factors. It is revealed that around 49% area of the watershed belongs to high to very high gully erosion vulnerability zone (GEVZ) followed by moderate risk zone of 31.64%. This model is validated performing an accuracy assessment, which is calculated to be 90.91%, and the value of Kappa co-efficient is 0.86. It is imperative to estimate the average annual soil loss alongside of delineating GEVZ; thus, the revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE) model is used with geospatial technology. It unveils that the average estimated soil loss of the watershed varies from < 15 to 431 t ha−1 y−1. Around 29% of the study area experiences high to very high (57 to > 147 t ha−1 y−1) soil erosion risk, where 68% area endures low level of soil erosion risk (< 15 t ha−1 y−1). The study of gully morphology depicts gully depth ranging from < 1 to 5 m (small to medium gully) with V and U shapes. Results obtained from this study may help in planning and management of land use and soil erosion conservation.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to Sk. Firoz for his constant support during the field investigation. They are also indebted to all the national and international organizations for providing freely available database. They are also grateful to Dr. Pravat Kumar Shit, Assistant Professor, Department of Geography, Raja N. L. Khan Women’s College (Autonomous), Medinipur, West Bengal, India; Dr. Sk. Mafizul Haque, Assistant Professor, Department of Geography, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India; and Dr. Sandipan Ghosh, Assistant Professor, Department of Geography, Chandrapur College, Purba Barddhaman, West Bengal, India, for their constructive suggestions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geography, Raghunathpur College, Purulia, Ragunathpur, West Bengal, India, 723133

    Partha Modak

  2. Department of Geography, Sidho-Kanho-Birsha University, Ranchi Road, Purulia, West Bengal, India, 723104

    Mrinal Mandal

  3. Department of Geography, Arsha College, Purulia, West Bengal, India, 723201

    Susanta Mandi

  4. Department of Geography, Khandra College, Khandra, Burdwan, West Bengal, India, 713363

    Biswajit Ghosh

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Contributions

Partha Modak conducted field work, collected secondary data, analysed it, prepared maps and partially drafted the first manuscript. Mrinal Mandal formulated the idea and design of this research work, conducted field, partially drafted the first manuscript and critically revised and edited the final manuscript. Susanta Mandi conducted field and partially drafted the first manuscript and prepared graphs and edited field photographs. Biswajit Ghosh conducted field and helped in analysing data.

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Correspondence to Mrinal Mandal.

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Modak, P., Mandal, M., Mandi, S. et al. Gully erosion vulnerability modelling, estimation of soil loss and assessment of gully morphology: a study from cratonic part of eastern India. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 116656–116687 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-22118-5

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