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Allergy from perspective of environmental pollution effects: from an aspect of atopic dermatitis, immune system, and atmospheric hazards—a narrative review of current evidences

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Abstract

Environmental pollution has become more diversified in recent years as technologies for urbanization is increasingly more advanced. Several environmental factors such as air and water pollutants have been linked to allergic symptoms. For instance, because of industrialization for city development in many countries, polluted soil or tiny particles in the air could result in an even more hazardous environment for people to reside. Aside from the aspects of environmental issues, other newly emerging factors such as the electromagnetic field (EMF) also require further investigation. Here, in this narrative review, we focused on allergens from atmospheric and water pollution, hygiene improvement, changes in food trend, and residential environmental pollution. Current evidences regarding the association between various pollutants and the potential clinical diseases could be induced. For people with high skin exposure to air pollutants such as PM 2.5, PM 10, or sulfur dioxide, potential onset of dermatological allergic events should be alerted. The mechanisms involved in allergic diseases are being discussed and summarized. Interactions between immunological mechanisms and clinical implications could potentially provide clearer view to the association between allergic status and pollutants. Moreover, understanding the mechanistic role of allergens can raise awareness to global environment and public health.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Pediatric Allergy, Immunology, Rheumatology, Lin-Shin Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China

    Su Boon Yong

  2. School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China

    Shuo-Yan Gau & Yu-Chen Guo

  3. Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China

    James Cheng-Chung Wei

  4. Department of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, No. 110, Sec. 1, Jianguo N. Rd., South District, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan, Republic of China

    James Cheng-Chung Wei

  5. Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China

    James Cheng-Chung Wei

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All the authors involved in drafting or revising the article and approved of the submitted version. Original draft preparation: YSB, GSY, GYC, and WJC. Study conception and design: YSB, GSY, GYC, and WJC. Figure/table illustration: YSB and GSY.

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Correspondence to James Cheng-Chung Wei.

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Su-Boon Yong and Shuo-Yan Gau contributed equally and share the first authorship.

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Yong, S.B., Gau, SY., Guo, YC. et al. Allergy from perspective of environmental pollution effects: from an aspect of atopic dermatitis, immune system, and atmospheric hazards—a narrative review of current evidences. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 57091–57101 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-21582-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-21582-3

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