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Construction, renovation, and demolition waste in landfill: a review of waste characteristics, environmental impacts, and mitigation measures

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Abstract

With the increase in global population, industrialization, and urbanization, waste from construction, renovation, and demolition (CRD) activities has grown rapidly. There are some issues associated with the disposal of CRD waste in landfills. Depositing in landfills is still the main method for CRD waste disposal from the global perspective. The objective of this study is to comprehensively review the environmental impacts and management technologies for CRD waste in landfills. It includes the overview of the current CRD waste flow and relevant policies worldwide. The main environmental problems caused by CRD waste in landfills include leachate and H2S gas emission. This paper summarizes the primary environmental impacts caused by landfilling CRD waste and the available mitigation technologies. It also includes the use of CRD waste as an alternative material in landfill barriers. Although many technologies can help mitigate the environmental impacts caused by landfilling CRD waste, the optimal solution is to divert the waste flow from landfills using the “3R” principle. In the end, the existing research gaps in CRD waste and landfill management are also discussed.

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Fig. 1
Fig. 2

modified from Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (2019)

Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

adapted from Du et al. (2009) and Miura (2002)

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Data availability

All data generated or analysed during this study are included in this published article.

Abbreviations

ACQ:

Alkaline copper quaternary

BIM:

Building information modeling

BM:

Bone meal

CCA:

Chromated copper arsenate

COD:

Chemical oxygen demand

CRD:

Construction, renovation, and demolition

DOC:

Dissolved organic carbon

GAC:

Granular activated carbon

IF:

Iron fines

L/S:

Liquid/solid

OLB:

Old landfill

PAHs:

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

SRB:

Sulfate-reducing bacteria

TOC:

Total organic carbon

YLB:

Young landfill

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Mitacs, and City of Montreal West. The authors are also grateful to the editor and the anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments and suggestions.

Funding

This research was supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Mitacs, and City of Montreal West.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, H3G 1M8, Canada

    Zhikun Chen, Qi Feng, Rengyu Yue, Zhi Chen, Osama Moselhi, Ahmed Soliman & Chunjiang An

  2. Institute for Information Systems Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, H3G 1M8, Canada

    Amin Hammad

Authors
  1. Zhikun Chen
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  2. Qi Feng
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  3. Rengyu Yue
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  4. Zhi Chen
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  5. Osama Moselhi
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  6. Ahmed Soliman
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  7. Amin Hammad
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  8. Chunjiang An
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Contributions

ZKC, QF, and RY conducted the analysis and drafted the manuscript. ZC, OM, AS, and AH revised the manuscript. CA designed the study and revised the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Chunjiang An.

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Chen, Z., Feng, Q., Yue, R. et al. Construction, renovation, and demolition waste in landfill: a review of waste characteristics, environmental impacts, and mitigation measures. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 46509–46526 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-20479-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-20479-5

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